Table 2. Summary of baseline values in studies examining objective measures of physical function in men with prostate cancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy of different durations compared with control groups with and without prostate cancer.

Performance measure	Type of study	Time on ADT (month) at baseline	N	Age (y)	Values	References
SPPB (0–12)	P-Long	3.8	12	74	10.3	Levy et al.,35 2008
		24.6	23	71	9.5
		PCa-0 or HC	13	67	10.3
	CS	3.7	13	73	10.4a	Clay et al.,34 2007
		30.7	42	74	9.6a,b
		PCa-0	25	65	10.4b
		HC	20	69	10.3
	P-Long	36	50	78	7.9	Bylow et al.,32 2008
	Case–control	≥6	63	72	10	Bylow et al.,33 2011
		PCa-0	71	71	10.3
6-MWT, m (m s−1)	P-Long	0	87	70	471 (1.3)	Alibhai et al.,22 2010
		PCa-0	86	70	483 (1.3)
		HC	86	68	483 (1.3)
	CS	>6	56	68	669 (1.9)	Culos-Reed et al.,36 2010
	CS	21.6	57	73	466 (1.3)	Joly et al.,24 2006
		HC	51	72	470 (1.3)
400-m walk, s (m s−1)	RCT	18.2	29	70	269.4	Galvao et al.,92 2010
		10.1	28	70	273.9
	CS	37	10	70	283 (1.41)	Galvao et al.,37 2006
	CS	>2	48	70	274b	Galvao et al.,66 2009
		HC	70	70	256b
4-m walk, s (m s−1)	P-Long	3.8	12	74	1.02	Levy et al.,35 2008
		24.6	23	71	1.04
		PCa-0 or HC	13	67	1.07
	CS	3.7	13	73	1.04	Clay et al.,34 2007
		30.7	42	74	0.99b
		PCa-0	25	65	1.06
		HC	20	69	1.17b
6-m usual walk, s (m s−1)	RCT	18.2	29	70	4.7 (1.3)	Galvao et al.,92 2010
		10.1	28	70	4.8 (1.3)
	CS	37	10	70	5.0 (1.2)	Galvao et al.,37 2006
	CS	>2	48	70	4.8b (1.3)	Galvao et al.,66 2009
		HC	70	70	4.5b (1.3)
6-m fast walk, s (m s−1)	RCT	18.2	29	70	3.6 (1.7)	Galvao et al.,92 2010
		10.1	28	70	3.6 (1.7)
	CS		10	70	3.7 (1.62)	Galvao et al.,37 2006
	CS	>2	48	70	3.7b (1.6)	Galvao et al.,66 2009
		HC	70	70	3.5b (1.7)
6-m backward walk, s (m s−1)	RCT	18.2	29	70	22.2 (0.3)	Galvao et al.,92 2010
		10.1	28	70	23.7 (0.3)
	CS	37	10	70	23.5 (0.26)	Galvao et al.,37 2006
	CS	>2	48	70	23.8b (0.3)	Galvao et al.,66 2009
		HC	70	70	19.9b (0.3)
5× chair rise, s	P-Long	3.8	12	74	13.5b	Levy et al.,35 2008
		24.6	23	71	16.2b
		PCa-0 or HC	13	67	14.0
	RCT	18.2	29	70	13.3	Galvao et al.,92 2010
		10.1	28	70	13.4
	CS	3.7	13	73	13.2	Clay et al.,34 2007
		30.7	42	74	15.2
		PCa-0	25	65	13.7
		HC	20	69	14.5
	CS	37	10	70	15.4	Galvao et al.,37 200637
	CS	>2	48	70	13.5b	Galvao et al.,66 2009
		HC	70	70	12.0b
TUG, s	P-Long	0	87	70	6.9	Alibhai et al.,22 2010
		PCa-0	86	70	6.8
		HC	86	68	6.5
	CS	21.6	57	73	6.0	Joly et al.,24 2006
		HC	51	72	6.0
13-step stair climb, s	RCT	18.2	29	70	5.2 (326 W)	Galvao et al.,92 2010
		10.1	28	70	5.3 (340 W)
	CS	37	10	70	7.0 (248 W)	Galvao et al.,37 2006

Abbreviations: 5× chair rise is the time (s) to perform five complete stands from an armless chair; CS, cross-sectional; HC, healthy control; 6-MWT, 6-min walk test expressed in meters walked and (gait speed, m s⁻¹). The 400-, 4- and 6-m walk tests are in expressed in seconds and (m s⁻¹); PCa-0, patients with PCa but not using ADT; P-Long, prospective-longitudinal; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery scored on a 0–12 point scale; TUG, timed up-and-go expressed in seconds.

^a,bIdentical symbols represent significant differences between groups within a study.