Table 3. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome with immotile spermatozoa.

	Number of patients	Fertilization rate (%)	Pregnancies/miscarriage	Outcome
Primary ciliarydyskinesia/immotile ciliasyndromea	11	54±12	5/1	7 live births
DFS/stump tails/short tailsb	12	63±16	10/2	14 live births

This table is reproduced with permission from Chemes et al.³

^aData from Bongso et al.;¹¹⁰ Cayan et al.;¹¹¹ Gallo et al.;¹¹² Kamal et al.;¹¹³ Papadimas et al.;¹¹⁴ von Zumbusch et al.¹¹⁵

^bData from Brugo Olmedo et al.;^{116, 117} Favero et al.;¹¹⁸ Stalf et al.¹¹⁹