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| Technique | Artery preserved | Hydrocele formation % (range) | Recurrence % (range) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Retroperitoneal | No | 7.58 (4.9–9.0) | 12.5 (7.3–15.5) |
| Conventional inguinal | No | 7.47 (4.3–17.5) | 15.6 (3.6–17.5) |
| Laparoscopic | Yes | 7.6 (1.7–12.7) | 11.1 (4.0–26) |
| Radiographic | Yes | 0 | 4.3 (1.9–9.3) |
| Microsurgical subinguinal | Yes | 0.72 (0.3–1.6) | 2.1 (1.4–14.8) |
| Microsurgical inguinal | Yes | 0.29 (0.0–0.7) | 9.47 (0.7–15.2) |
