TABLE 2 .
Toxic compounds to which mutation of Asp87 to Gly of gyrase provided a survival benefit
| Group and compound | Mechanism of action |
|---|---|
| Beta-lactams | |
| Cefoxitin | Cell wall synthesis |
| Ampicillin | Cell wall synthesis |
| Carbenicillin | Cell wall synthesis |
| Folate synthesis inhibitors/antagonists | |
| 2,4-Diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine | Folate antagonist |
| Sulfamethazine | Folate synthesis inhibitor |
| Sulfadiazine | Folate synthesis inhibitor |
| Sulfathiazole | Folate synthesis inhibitor |
| Sulfamethoxazole | Folate synthesis inhibitor |
| Quinolones | |
| Lomefloxacin | DNA gyrase inhibitor |
| Enoxacin | DNA gyrase inhibitor |
| Ofloxacin | DNA gyrase inhibitor |
| Nalidixic acid | DNA gyrase inhibitor |
| Oxolinic acid | DNA gyrase inhibitor |
| Protein synthesis inhibitors | |
| Neomycin | Inhibitor of 30S ribosomal subunit |
| Kanamycin | Inhibitor of 30S ribosomal subunit |
| Toxic anions | |
| Boric acid | Toxic anion |
| Sodium cyanate | Toxic anion |
| Sodium arsenate | Toxic anion, phosphate analog |
| Sodium metavanadate | Toxic anion, phosphate analog |
| Sodium orthovanadate | Toxic anion, phosphate analog |
| Other | |
| Rifampin | RNA polymerase inhibitor |
| Sanguinarine | Membrane potential |
| Nitrofurantoin | Reactive attack of macromolecules |