| Weekly visits | Groups
|
P-value* | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (N = 24)
|
Tomato (N = 26)
|
||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
| Clinical evaluation | |||||||||||||
| Weight (kg) | 69.7 ± 11.8 | 69.9 ± 11.9 | 69.7 ± 11.7 | 69.9 ± 12.0 | 69.7 ± 11.9 | 69.1 ± 12.5 | 67.8 ± 12.6 | 69.0 ± 12.4 | 69.0 ± 12.3 | 69.0 ± 12.4 | 67.7 ± 12.4 | 67.6 ± 12.6 | 0.76 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.9 ± 4.1 | 27.1 ± 4.1 | 27.0 ± 4.0 | 27.0 ± 4.2 | 26.9 ± 4.1 | 26.9 ± 4.2 | 27.6 ± 5.0 | 27.6 ± 4.9 | 27.7 ± 4.8 | 27.7 ± 4.9 | 27.6 ± 4.9 | 27.6 ± 4.9 | 0.78 |
| WC (cm) | 89.4 ± 10.0 | 89.6 ± 9.9 | 90.2 ± 10.5 | 90.1 ± 10.7 | 89.9 ± 9.9 | 89.9 ± 9.9 | 89.8 ± 9.7 | 89.8 ± 9.8 | 89.9 ± 10.5 | 89.9 ± 10.0 | 88.9 ± 10.4 | 88.5 ± 10.6 | 0.30 |
| HC (cm) | 102.4 ± 8.1 | 102.3 ± 8.0 | 102.1 ± 8.1 | 102.3 ± 8.1 | 102.3 ± 7.9 | 102.4 ± 7.9 | 102.5 ± 9.0 | 102.8 ± 8.4 | 102.7 ± 9.2 | 102.9 ± 9.6 | 102.2 ± 9.2 | 102.3 ± 9.5 | 0.19 |
| SBP (mmhg) | 95.7 ± 5.3 | 98.5 ± 10.6 | 100.0 ± 10.0 | 98.5 ± 12.1 | 97.1 ± 9.5 | 97.1 ± 13.8 | 105.3 ± 12.8 | 103.0 ± 13.0 | 101.0 ± 11.1 | 100.0 ± 11.2 | 100.7 ± 16.0 | 101.6 ± 12.1 | 0.32 |
| DBP (mmhg) | 67.1 ± 7.5 | 72.8 ± 7.5 | 70.0 ± 8.1 | 71.4 ± 10.6 | 68.5 ± 8.9 | 70.0 ± 10.0 | 67.2 ± 8.3 | 68.2 ± 7.6 | 68.4 ± 8.0 | 70.0 ± 10 | 70.0 ± 10 | 71.1 ± 10.7 | 0.76 |
| Nutritional evaluation | |||||||||||||
| Carbohydrates (%) | – | 51.1 ± 8.5 | 50.1 ± 8.7 | 50.1 ± 6.4 | 48.6 ± 7.3 | 49.5 ± 9.3 | – | 52.3 ± 7.6 | 49.8 ± 7.6 | 50.8 ± 7.9 | 50.9 ± 8.3 | 50.9 ± 7.5 | 0.81 |
| Sugars (%) | – | 15.7 ± 8.0 | 13.5 ± 7.4 | 13.2 ± 7.0 | 12.4 ± 6.1 | 13.4 ± 6.5 | – | 15.7 ± 8.0 | 14.3 ± 7.5 | 15.3 ± 7.8 | 15.5 ± 7.0 | 14.6 ± 7.2 | 0.43 |
| Fiber (g) | – | 23.3 ± 10.1 | 26.6 ± 8.6 | 25.6 ± 7.2 | 25.2 ± 7.4 | 25.8 ± 7.7 | – | 22.7 ± 8.0 | 25.2 ± 7.6 | 25.4 ± 6.7 | 24.4 ± 7.4 | 24.6 ± 7.0 | 0.70 |
| Fat (%) | – | 32.9 ± 7.6 | 33.3 ± 6.9 | 33.2 ± 6.0 | 34.1 ± 7.3 | 34.7 ± 7.8 | – | 32.5 ± 6.1 | 33.8 ± 6.1 | 33.0 ± 5.7 | 33.3 ± 7.5 | 32.8 ± 6.5 | 0.78 |
| Proteins (%) | – | 15.8 ± 2.6 | 16.3 ± 3.1 | 16.5 ± 3.4 | 17.1 ± 2.8 | 15.7 ± 3.1 | – | 15.1 ± 2.8 | 16.2 ± 2.9 | 16.0 ± 3.3 | 15.7 ± 2.9 | 16.1 ± 3.1 | 0.24 |
| Alcohol (g/week) | – | 4.7 ± 1.3 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 3.6 ± 2.8 | 2.3 ± 1.3 | 3.8 ± 1.1 | – | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 2.0 ± 1.6 | 7.6 ± 1.9 | 6.4 ± 1.2 | 2.3 ± 1.6 | 0.57 |
| Fish (g/week) | – | 0.30 ± 0.07 | 0.26 ± 0.04 | 0.34 ± 0.08 | 0.30 ± 0.07 | 0.30 ± 0.07 | – | 0.36 ± 0.04 | 0.40 ± 0.05 | 0.50 ± 0.05 | 0.45 ± 0.05 | 0.40 ± 0.05 | 0.98 |
| Omega-3 (g/week) | – | 0.38 ± 0.2 | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 0.25 ± 0.06 | 0.19 ± 0.04 | 0.81 ± 0.2 | – | 0.40 ± 0.05 | 0.30 ± 0.06 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.56 ± 0.7 | 0.48 ± 0.07 | 0.25 |
Notes: Data represent the mean ± SD.
*
P-values using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Visit 1 was screening. Treatment started on visit 2 and ended on visit 6.
Abbreviations: N, number of subjects; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation.