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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2013 May 2;62:72–79. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.04.019

Table 2.

Summary of studies on antioxidant treatments in AF

Antioxidant Effects Action mechanism Experimental
Model		 Ref
Clinical Studies
Vitamin C ↓incidence of
postoperative AF		 Downregulation of
NADPH oxides
(transcriptional or
post translational
level)		 coronary artery
bypass grafting
patients		 [107]
- incidence of
postoperative AF		 [108]
Vitamin E with
Vitamin C		 ↓ncidence of AF Scavenges ROS Patients
undergoing
coronary artery
bypass		 [109]
Statins ↓incidence of
postoperative AF,		 Counteracts the
arrhythmogenic
effects of angiotensin,
reduces cholesterol,
antioxidant, anti-
inflammatory, anti-
apoptosis,		 coronary artery
bypass grafting
patients		 [110, 111]
↓incidence of
postoperative AF		 reduces myocardial
O2 and ONOO		 [65]
↓incidence of
postoperative AF		 reduces C-reactive
protein levels		 [112, 113]
n-3
Polyunsaturated
fatty acids
(PUFAs)		 ↓incidence of
postoperative AF,		 increases electrical
stability		 cardiac surgery
patients		 [114, 115]
- incidence of
postoperative AF		 [116–118]
Carvedilol ↓incidence of postoperative AF increases myocardial
levels of the
antioxidant enzymes
superoxide dismutase
and glutathione
peroxidase,		 heart failure
patients		 [119]
N-acetylcysteine ↓incidence of
postoperative AF		 ROS scavenger Patients
undergoing
coronary artery
bypass and/or
valve surgery		 [28]