Table 1:

Characteristics of participants and nonparticipants

Characteristic	No. (%)*		p value
	Participants n = 1076	Nonparticipants n = 780
Age, yr, mean (± SD)	4.14 (± 0.84)	4.13 (± 0.82)	0.7
Sex, male	528 (49.1)	393 (50.3)	0.6
BMI z score, mean (± SD)	0.35 (± 1.01)	0.30 (± 1.07)	0.4
Maternal BMI, mean (± SD)	25.2 (± 4.74)	24.8 (± 4.45)	0.06
Maternal postsecondary education	914 (84.9)	650 (83.3)	0.6
Gestational diabetes	44 (4.1)	26 (3.3)	0.6
Ethnicity with high cardiovascular risk	123 (11.4)	78 (10.0)	0.3
Ethnicity with high metabolic risk	367 (34.1)	240 (30.8)	0.1

Note: BMI = body mass index, SD = standard deviation.

^*Unless otherwise indicated.