Table 5.

Adverse events of studies in meta-analysis (n).

Study	Bariatric surgery		Medication
Dixon et al., 2008 [13]	Gastric banding	Superficial wound infection (1), gastric pouch enlargement (2), regurgitation (1), febrile episodes (1), hypoglycemic (1), and gastrointestinal intolerance to metformin (1).	Gastrointestinal tract adverse effects (2), persistent diarrhea with metformin (1), vasculitic rash (1), multiple hypoglycemic (1), angina and a transient cerebral ischemic (1), and intolerant of very low-calorie meal (2).
Schauer et al., 2012 [14]	Gastric bypass	Hospitalization (11), dehydration (4), reoperation (3), transfusion (1), hemoglobin decrease ≥5 g/dL (1), transient renal insufficiency (1), cholelithiasis (1), ketoacidosis (1), wound infection (1), pneumonia (2), hernia (1), hypoglycemic episodes (35), anemia (6), anastomotic ulcer (4), and hypokalemia (2).	Requiring hospitalization (4), arrhythmia or palpitations (2), cellulitis (1), kidney stone (1), hypoglycemic episodes (39), anemia (3), hypokalemia (1), and excessive weight gain (3).
	Gastrectomy	Hospitalization (4), dehydration (2), reoperation (1), transfusion (1), gastrointestinal leak (1), arrhythmia or palpitations (1), pleural effusion (1), hypoglycemic episodes (28), anemia (6), and hypokalemia (2).
Mingrone et al., 2012 [15]	Gastric bypass	Intestinal occlusion (1) and iron-deficiency anemia (2).	Persistent diarrhea associated with Metformin (2).
	Biliopancreatic diversion	Incisional hernia (1), iron-deficiency anemia (2), hypoalbuminemia (2), osteopenia (1), and osteoporosis (1).
Total	128/148 (86.49%)		64/89 (71.91%)