Table 2.
Random-effect Logit Model of School Enrollment on Migration and Remittances Status, Black Children, PSLSD 1993. (Logits presented; standard errors in parentheses)
| Independent variables | Model 1 | Model 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Child-level | ||
| Age | 2.548*** (.133) |
2.550*** (.133) |
| Age squared | −.103*** (.005) |
−.103*** (.005) |
| Male (ref. female) | −.224* (.100) |
−.222* (.100) |
| Parental presence (ref. both parents present) | ||
| Only mother present | −.584*** (.173) |
−.592*** (.173) |
| Only father present | −.619* (.310) |
−.635* (.310) |
| Neither parent present | −.814*** (.169) |
−.809*** (.169) |
| Household-level | ||
| Household migration and remittances status (ref. no migrants, NM) |
||
| With migrants, no remittances (MNR) | −.603* (.258) |
|
| With remittances (MR) | .519*** (.153) |
|
| Log (amount of remittances) | .083*** (.020) |
|
| Urban residence (ref. rural) | .531** (.164) |
.585*** (.164) |
| Highest adult education in HH (ref. no school) | ||
| Primary school | .601*** (.178) |
.572** (.178) |
| Some secondary school | 1.562*** (.198) |
1.528*** (.198) |
| Completed secondary or more | 2.429*** (.259) |
2.376*** (.258) |
| HH annual income (log)(excluding remittances) | .067† (.040) |
.079* (.040) |
| Total number of school-aged children (6–22) | −.017 (.034) |
−.007 (.034) |
| Female-headed HH (ref. male-headed HH) | .505** (.169) |
.523** (.170) |
| Grandparent present in the HH | .233 (.144) |
.266 (.173) |
| Constant | −12.151*** (.810) |
−12.289*** (.811) |
| % of variance explained between clusters | 58.2*** (.028) |
58.3*** (.028) |
| Log-likelihood | −2572.9 | −2574.8 |
| N | 9,866 | 9,866 |
†
p<0.1
*
p<.05
**
p<.01
***
p<.001