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. 2013 Aug 6;105(3):745–755. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.06.015

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Confocal fluorescence microscopy employing GVs containing NBD-PE (green) and β2m fibrils labeled with TMR (red). (A) Control NBD-PE/PC/PG GVs; (B) GVs incubated with β2m monomers; (C) TMR-β2m fibrils in pH 7.4 buffer. (D-I) (Left images) NBD-PE fluorescence (green); (middle) TMR fluorescence (red). (Right images) (D, i and ii) Superimposition. GVs incubated with TMR-β2m fibrils. D(i) shows an example of a single, large GV, enabling clear visualization of bilayer damage. (Arrows, D ii) Examples of fibrillar aggregates coated by lipids that were presumably derived from disintegrated vesicle(s). (E–I) β2m fibrils preincubated with (E) EGCG, (F) bromophenol blue, (G) resveratrol, (H) heparin, or heparin disaccharide (I) before mixing with GVs. Bars in all images correspond to 20 μm. Note that residual NBD fluorescence is detected in the red channel of the image presented in panel F such that the NBD-labeled GVs appear red.