Figure 5.

Dynamic indentation of a, symmetric cell using an AFM cantilever beam at a constant indentation speed. $F\left(t\right)$ is the indentation force, $d\left(t\right)$ is the indentation depth, and $a\left(t\right)$ is the contact area. The cell shape is cylindrically symmetric and is described by functions $\left(r\left(\theta ,t\right),z\left(\theta ,t\right)\right)$.