Figure 4.

SS-31 protects mitochondrial cristae during ischemia. Representative electron microscopic images of mitochondria in proximal tubular cell from sham-operated controls and saline- or SS-31–treated kidneys (A) immediately after 30 minutes of ischemia and (B) after 5 minutes of reperfusion. Original magnification, ×20,000 in top panel. The boxed area in the top panel is magnified in the corresponding middle panel. Changes in mitochondrial size and matrix density were quantified by image analysis as described in Concise Methods. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ***P<0.001.