Table 2.

Enabling factors for the dissemination, diffusion, scale up, or sustainability of DMPA by AIDED model components

Enabling factor	# sources citing factor	AIDED model component(s) to which factor was mapped
Development of delivery system supports (training of health workers/field motivators, creation of training manuals or checklists, supply chain improvements, recruitment of women, chart tracking)	10	Develop
Tailoring innovation to existing system capacity (community-based distribution systems already in place, women in community health worker roles, other existing program infrastructure (e.g., well-baby clinics, current supply chain flows))	9	Innovate, Devolve
Landscape or stakeholder assessment	6	Assess
Collaboration with stakeholders to identify or create supportive structures in the economic, political and technological spheres	6	Assess, Develop
Use of social networks	5	Devolve
Dialogue with community at early stages	5	Assess, Engage
Effective education through social marketing regarding risks and instructions (including community input)	4	Develop, Engage
Piloting to determine feasibility	3	Assess
Innovation design features (e.g., injectable at 3 month intervals)	3	Innovate
Ensuring ‘fit’ with cultural norms (e.g., allowing women to take injections in strict confidence without being observed)	3	Assess, Innovate
Use of data to improve program performance	3	Engage
Nationalistic messaging (e.g., population control)	2	Develop
Adherence to religious norms (e.g., support of leaders)	1	Innovate, Develop, Engage
Identifying potential sources of resistance, such as from the professional medical community	1	Assess
Creating structures to ensure use of assessment findings through implementation and scale up (e.g., the same individuals that conducted the assessment remained involved throughout the process of scaling)	1	Assess