Table 1. Association between demographic characteristics and HIV infection amongst adolescents and all young adults, year 2006 to 2008.
| Adolescents (age 15–17 years) | All young adults (age 15–29 years) | |||||||||||
| Males | Females | Males | Females | |||||||||
| n | HIV % | P-val* | n | HIV % | P-val* | n | HIV % | P-val† | n | HIV % | P-val† | |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Male | 985 | 2.23 | – | – | 0.881 | 3204 | 5.31 | – | – | <0.001 | ||
| Female | – | – | 963 | 2.39 | – | – | 3889 | 12.34 | ||||
| Age Group | ||||||||||||
| 15–17 | 985 | 2.23 | <0.001 | 963 | 2.39 | <0.001 | ||||||
| 18–20 | 734 | 1.91 | 824 | 4.98 | ||||||||
| 21–23 | 541 | 4.07 | 751 | 11.19 | ||||||||
| 24–26 | 514 | 10.49 | 754 | 20.95 | ||||||||
| 27–29 | 429 | 13.52 | 597 | 29.15 | ||||||||
| Community Type | ||||||||||||
| Subsist. Farming | 452 | 2.21 | 0.555 | 454 | 1.98 | 0.425 | 1196 | 4.18 | 0.006 | 1518 | 10.21 | <0.001 |
| Roadside Trading | 257 | 1.56 | 206 | 3.40 | 704 | 3.41 | 777 | 10.17 | ||||
| Agricultural Estate | 177 | 2.26 | 194 | 1.55 | 765 | 5.88 | 978 | 12.27 | ||||
| Commercial Centre | 99 | 4.04 | 109 | 3.67 | 539 | 9.46 | 616 | 20.45 | ||||
| Education | ||||||||||||
| Primary | 124 | 2.42 | 0.751 | 112 | 2.68 | 0.743 | 356 | 8.15 | 0.045 | 708 | 19.63 | <0.001 |
| Secondary | 860 | 2.21 | 850 | 2.35 | 2844 | 4.96 | 3174 | 10.68 | ||||
| In school | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 813 | 2.34 | 0.556 | 719 | 2.23 | 0.626 | ||||||
| No | 163 | 1.23 | 241 | 2.90 | ||||||||
| Religion | ||||||||||||
| Christian | 567 | 2.29 | 0.632 | 550 | 2.36 | 0.374 | 1694 | 4.66 | 0.742 | 2014 | 11.57 | 0.180 |
| Traditional | 20 | 0.00 | 4 | 0.00 | 70 | 7.14 | 38 | 15.79 | ||||
| Spiritual | 189 | 1.59 | 244 | 1.64 | 603 | 4.98 | 1004 | 12.85 | ||||
| Other | 140 | 2.14 | 142 | 3.52 | 433 | 4.85 | 687 | 12.37 | ||||
| None | 63 | 4.76 | 16 | 6.25 | 387 | 8.53 | 119 | 21.85 | ||||
| Marital Status | ||||||||||||
| Never married | 980 | 2.24 | 885 | 2.60 | 0.435 | 2409 | 2.95 | 0.001 | 1547 | 3.81 | <0.001 | |
| Married | 0 | 71 | 0.00 | 722 | 12.05 | 1956 | 14.52 | |||||
| Widowed | 0 | 0 | 4 | 25.00 | 72 | 65.28 | ||||||
| Divorced/Separated | 0 | 2 | 0.00 | 51 | 19.62 | 281 | 28.47 | |||||
| Been tested and | ||||||||||||
| received result§ | 9 | 11.11 | 0.174 | 46 | 6.52 | 0.085 | 224 | 9.38 | 0.434 | 1109 | 12.98 | <0.001 |
| Not tested | 949 | 2.00 | 906 | 2.10 | 2909 | 4.95 | 2735 | 12.14 | ||||
| Self report HIV+ | 2 | 1/2 | 3 | 3/3 | 11 | 27.27 | 50 | 92.00 | ||||
| Self report HIV− | 11 | 0.00 | 44 | 0.00 | 218 | 8.26 | 1064 | 9.02 | ||||
| Ever taken ART | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | ||||||||
*
P-value associated with two-sided Fisher’s exact test.
†
P-value associated with likelihood ratio test adjusting for age group.
§
“Tested and received result” based on answering more than zero to question “On how many different occasions did you have an HIV test?” and answering ‘yes’ to a follow-up question about the most recent HIV test “Did you collect the test results?”.