Table 5. Changes in Characteristics of Non-Obese Participants (BMI<30 kg/m2)and Incident Obesity-related Illness1 between Visit 1 and 3 in the ARIC2 Cohort.
| INCIDENT OBESITY-RELATED ILLNESS BETWEEN VISIT 1 & 3 | |||||||
| No (N = 6,573) | Yes (N = 1,291) | Yes-No | |||||
| Characteristic3 | Visit 1 | Visit 3 | Visit 1 to 3 | Visit 1 | Visit 3 | Visit 1 to 3 | Difference |
| Chocolate Intake | 0.232 (.004) | 0.241 (.005) | +0.008 (0.006) | 0.237 (.012) | 0.226 (.016) | −0.011 (.016) | −0.019 (0.017) |
| Energy Intake | 1618.4 (7.3) | 1579.6 (7.3) | −38.7 (6.7) | 1670.5 (21.0) | 1599.7 (19.8) | −70.8 (20.9) | −32.0 (20.3) |
| Fat Intake | 59.39 (0.33) | 54.72 (0.32) | −4.68 (0.30) | 61.66 (0.93) | 55.24 (0.88) | −6.41 (0.90) | . −1.74 (0.90) |
| Vegetable Intake | 1.45 (0.01) | 1.59 (0.02) | +0.14 (0.02) | 1.47 (0.04) | 1.68 (0.05) | +0.21 (0.05) | +0.07 (0.05) |
| Fruit Intake | 1.44 (0.02) | 1.69 (0.02) | +0.25 (0.02) | 1.43 (0.04) | 1.81 (0.06) | +0.37 (0.05) | +0.13 (0.05)* |
| Body Mass Index | 25.02 (0.03) | 26.06 (0.04) | +1.04 (0.02) | 25.58 (0.10) | 26.31 (0.11) | +0.73 (0.07) | −0.31 (0.07)**** |
P-values (*<.05, **<.01, ***<.001, ****<.0001) are based on the two-sample t test of the difference between participants with and without incident obesity-related Illness in the difference in the characteristic between visit 1 and 3. Data are mean (standard deviation). Data are for participants with no missing values for any of the characteristics at visit1 or 3.
Obesity-related Illness was defined as self-reported physician diagnosed heart attack, stroke, diabetes, or cancer.
ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Prospective Cohort.
Units of measurement: chocolate intake - 1 oz servings/day; Daily Energy & Fat Intake - calories/day; Vegetable & Fruit Intake - 1/4 cup servings/day; Alcohol Intake - gm/week; Physical Activity - quantified by ARIC researchers based on the intensity, duration and frequency of activity during work, sports and leisure activities (see Materials and Methods); Body Mass Index - kg/m2.
P-values (*<.05, **<.01, ***<.001, ****<.0001) are based on the two-sample t test of the difference between participants with and without incident obesity-related illness in the difference in the characteristic between visit 1 and 3.