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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 Jun 2;132(1):3–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.04.039

Figure 1. Schematic showing the regulation of the adaptive immune system by miR-21 in allergic inflammatory responses.

Figure 1

Th1 and Th2 cells exist in a balanced state. Allergen or IL-13 upregulates miR-21 expression, which represses target gene IL-12 and in turn inhibits Th1 differentiation. Decreased production of the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ causes unopposed Th2 activation and increased production of Th2 cytokines. The Th2 cytokines may further amplify the miR-21-mediated responses. A highly conserved miR-21 seed sequence in the 3′UTR of IL-12p35 is shown in the insert at the top left corner; the seed sequence is shaded in gray.