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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 8.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2009 Feb 1;182(3):1746–1755. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.3.1746

Figure 2. Production of CCR5 ligands is increased in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Figure 2

(A) RNA was extracted from fresh frozen specimens of histologically-verified pancreatic adenocarcinoma (n=13) and normal pancreas (n=4), and rt-PCR performed. Gene expression (mean ± SEM, relative to HPRT) of CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5 in malignant tissue was elevated 7-, 9- and 15-fold compared to normal pancreas. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.001. (B) Shown is a representative image from sections of surgically resected human pancreatic adenocarcinoma co-stained for the CCR5 ligand, CCL5 (green), and the tumor cell surface marker, EpCAM (red). Areas of co-localization appear yellow. Of the 17 cases examined, in 8 specimens there was co-localization of EpCAM and CCL5, indicating that tumor cells were producing CCL5.