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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Heart Fail. 2013 Feb 8;6(2):271–278. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.000135

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Representative tracings of mean skin temperature (Tsk), internal temperature (Tcore), skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA), skin blood flow (SkBF) and sweat rate (SR) during whole body heating in a control subject (upper panel) and a CHF patient (lower panel). SkBF unit: Flux unit. SR unit: mg/cm2/min. Warm: Tsk >37 °C while the increase in Tcore <0.2 °C. WBH: whole body heat stress, the increase in Tcore was greater than 0.5 °C when Tsk was clamped at ~38 °C. Notice the clear SSNA activation in both control subject (upper panels) and CHF patient (lower panels) during WBH.