Table 1.
Profile of risk factors in young CAD patients and young control population
| CAD group (n = 292) | Control group (n = 92) | P value | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years ±SD) | 36.3 ± 4.11 | 35.6 ± 3.26 | 0.1737 | |
| Smokers* | 217 (74.3) | 13 (14.1) | <0.0001 | 17.6 (9.2–33.4) |
| Smoking index* | Range 0–1500 | Range 0–600 | <0.0001 | |
| Median 120 | Median 0 | |||
| IQ range 300 | IQ range 0 | |||
| Hypertension* | 73 (25.0) | 12 (13.0) | 0.0235 | 2.2 (1.14–4.31) |
| Family history of premature CAD | 88 (30.1) | 25 (27.1) | 0.6799 | 1.16 (0.69–1.95) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 43 (14.7) | 7 (7.6) | 0.1115 | 2.10 (0.91–4.84) |
| Prediabetes | 16 (5.4) | 4 (4.3) | 0.8753 | 1.28 (0.42–3.92) |
| Central obesity* | 113/236 (47.7) | 27/83 (32.5) | 0.0217 | 1.91 (1.13–3.22) |
| Premature arcus* | 47 (16.1) | 1 (1.1) | 0.0003 | 17.46 (2.37–128.39) |
| Premature balding* | 65 (22.3) | 2 (2.2) | <0.0001 | 12.89 (3.09–53.74) |
| Premature greying* | 102 (34.9) | 11 (11.9) | <0.0001 | 3.95 (2.01–7.76) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 172/189 (91.0) | 73/83 (87.9) | 0.5787 | 1.39 (0.61–3.17) |
| High total cholesterol | 36/189 (19.0) | 17/83 (20.5) | 0.9134 | 0.91 (0.48–1.74) |
| Low HDL-C | 122/177 (68.9) | 47/79 (59.5) | 0.1838 | 1.51 (0.97–2.62) |
| High triglycerides* | 81/185 (43.8) | 19/82 (23.2) | 0.0021 | 2.58 (1.43–4.66) |
| High LDL-C | 73/ 173 (42.2) | 28/80 (35.0) | 0.3427 | 1.36 (0.78–2.35) |
| Mean carotid intima media thickness (mm)* | (n = 111) 0.62 ± 0.12 | (n = 74) 0.54 ± 0.08 | <0.0001 | − |
| Increased CIMT (>0.80 mm)* | 11 (9.9) | 1(1.1) | 0.3447 | 3.56 (0.46–27.97) |
| Plaque* | 13/111 (11.7) | 0/74 (0.0) | 0.0058 | − |
IQ, interquartile
Figures in parentheses denote percentages
*P < 0.05