Figure 2. Simulation of the accumulation of sexually antagonistic mutations on X chromosome and autosomes in aphids.

Characteristics of mutations (in terms of their selection coefficients in males [s_m], in sexual females [s_f] and in asexual females [s_a]) that rise in frequency on the X more than on autosomes (panel A) or vice-versa (panel B) as a function of the dominance coefficient h. Our simulations predict that the X chromosome of aphids should be enriched in sexually antagonistic alleles beneficial for males whereas autosomes should be enriched in alleles favorable for asexual females under all dominance values.