Table 3. Adjusted coefficients (β) from multivariable GEE linear models of anthropometric indicators, accounting for within-school clustering.

		HAZ (n = 320)		BAZ (n = 320)		WAZ† (n = 234)
Variable	Category	Coefficient (β) (95% CI)	p-value	Coefficient (β) (95% CI)	p-value	Coefficient (β) (95% CI)	p-value
Model 1: Infection intensity
Age a	---	−0.16 (−0.24, −0.09)	<0.001	−0.12 (−0.21, −0.03)	0.008	−0.05 (−0.18, 0.08)	0.428
Sex	Girls	1		1		1
	Boys	0.05 (−0.15, 0.26)	0.622	−0.03 (−0.24, 0.19)	0.800	0.16 (−0.07, 0.40)	0.169
SES b	---	0.03 (−0.08, 0.13)	0.605	0.08 (−0.03, 0.19)	0.130	0.06 (−0.05, 0.17)	0.296
Anemia	Absence	1		1		1
	Presence	0.08 (−0.80, 0.95)	0.865	0.25 (−0.37, 0.88)	0.428	−0.19 (−0.63, 0.25)	0.399
Infection intensity	Negative-to-light	1		1		1
	Moderate-to-heavy	−0.20 (−0.44, 0.04)	0.108	−0.06 (−0.31, 0.19)	0.622	−0.34 (−0.62, −0.06)	0.018
Model 2: Infection status
Age a	---	−0.16 (−0.24, −0.09)	< 0.001	−0.12 (−0.21, −0.35)	0.006	−0.06 (−0.19, 0.06)	0.326
Sex	Girls	1		1		1
	Boys	0.06 (−0.15, 0.26)	0.568	−0.02 (−0.23, 0.20)	0.872	0.17 (−0.07, 0.40)	0.160
SES b	---	0.02 (−0.08, 0.13)	0.659	0.08 (−0.03, 0.18)	0.164	0.05 (−0.06, 0.17)	0.346
Anemia	Absence	1		1		1
	Presence	0.09 (−0.77, 0.95)	0.842	0.23 (−0.37, 0.83)	0.452	−0.17 (−0.53, 0.17)	0.321
Infection status	Non-infected	1		1		1
	Monoparasitism	−0.03 (−0.29, 0.22)	0.793	0.08 (−0.19, 0.36)	0.553	0.02 (−0.27, 0.30)	0.906
	Polyparasitism	−0.24 (−0.50, 0.02)	0.074	−0.10 (−0.37–0.16)	0.446	−0.37 (−0.66, −0.08)	0.012

GEE: Generalized estimating equations.

HAZ: height-for-age Z-score; BAZ: BMI-for-age Z-score; WAZ: weight-for-age Z-score.

^†WAZ calculation is not recommended for children >10 years of age.

^aAge as continuous variable in years.

^bSES: Socio-economic status. Factor constructed as described in ‘Methods’ section.