Relationship between perfusion and extent of tumor hypoxia and duration of local tumor control after treatment with LTSL-Dox and hyperthermia. (A) Total hemoglobin (Hb) and Hb saturation (Hbsat) reflect perfusion and extent of hypoxia in individual tumors as measured using a noninvasive optical spectroscopy method. These same tumors were followed for growth time. Cluster analysis revealed 2 separate populations of tumors, which were characterized by relatively low Hb and Hbsat versus the second group, which had higher values of these 2 parameters. (B) The time to reach 3 times treatment volume was linked to these values, indicating that the more poorly perfused and hypoxic tumors responded less favorably to the treatment. (Reproduced from Palmer GM, Boruta RJ, Viglianti BL, et al. Non-invasive monitoring of intra-tumor drug concentration and therapeutic response using optical spectroscopy. J Control Release 2010;142(3):463; with permission.)