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. 2013 Jun 28;5(7):2333–2351. doi: 10.3390/nu5072333

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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Mechanism of iron accumulation in colon tumors. (A) Apical increase in divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT-1) leads to increase in uptake of luminal iron in tumors. The iron is further sequestered in colon epithelial cells through a decrease in hephaestin (HEPH) and increase in hepcidin-mediated ferroportin (FPN) degradation; (B) An alternative or complimentary mechanism leading to increase of intratumoral iron is through the increase in transferrin-TfR mediated uptake of circulating iron.