Table 1.
The summary of experimental system, normal developmental function, related human disease, expression pattern, target gene and upstream regulator of microRNAs50
| microRNA | Experimental system | Normal development | Human disease |
Expression pattern | Proposed function | Targets | Upstream regulators |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-144 | Zebrafish embryo | Adult α-globin expression | NA | Upregulated during erythroid differentiation | miR-144 and Klfd form a negative feedback loop modulating the expression of an embryonic form of alpha-globin | Klfd | GATA1, Klfd | 22 |
| miR-451 | Zebrafish embryo | Erythropoiesis | NA | Upregulated during erythroid differentiation | miR-451 is required for Zebrafish erythropoiesis | Gata2 | GATA1 | 20,21 |
| Knockout mice | Steady and stress erythropoiesis | NA | Upregulated during erythroid differentiation | miR-451 is required for steady state erythropoiesis and resistance to oxidation during stress erythropoiesis | 14-3-3zeta | GATA1 | 23–25 | |
| miR-221, miR-222 | Human cord blood CD34+ cells, Erythroleukemia cell line TF-1 | Erythroid progenitor proliferation | NA | Downregulated during erythroid differentiation | Downregulation of miR-221 and miR-222 is required for erythroid progenitor proliferation | KIT | NA | 27 |
| miR-24 | Human cord blood CD34+ cells and K562 cell line | Erythroid differentiation | NA | Downregulated during erythroid differentiation | miR-24 inhibits erythropoiesis by targeting ALK4 | ALK4 | NA | 28 |
| miR-15a | Human bone marrow mononuclear cells or CD34+ cells | Erythropoiesis | NA | Upregulated during erythroid differentiation | miR-15a and Myb autoregulatory feedback loop is required for erythropoiesis | MYB | MYB | 30 |
| miR-15a, miR-16-1 | Human adult peripheral blood-derived CD34+ cells | Fetal γ-globin expression | Trisomy 13 | Upregulated in trisomy 13 | Upregulation of miR-15a and miR-16-1 in trisomy 13 resultes in elevated fetal γ-globin expression | MYB | NA | 31 |
| miR-16-2 | CD34+ cells from healthy donor and polycythemia vera patients, mouse model | Erythropoiesis | Polycythemia vera | Upregulated in CD34+ cells from polycythemia vera patients | Dysregulation of miR-16-2 contributes to abnormal expansion of the erythroid lineage in polycythemia vera | NA | NA | 33 |
| miR-191 | Mouse primary erythroid progenitors | Erythroblast enucleation | NA | Downregulated during erythropoiesis | The downregulation of miR-191 is required for erythroblast chromatin condensation and enucleation | Riok3 and Mxi1 | NA | 34 |
| miR-150 | Human bone marrow CD34+ cells, mice bone marrow transplantation | MEP lineage commitment | NA | Enriched in MEP and megakaryocytic progenitor relative to erythroid progenitor | miR-150 drives MEP differentiation toward the megakaryocytic lineage at the expense of erythroid lineage cells | MYB | NA | 40 |
| miR-125b-2 | Fetal megakaryocytic progenitors, megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, DS-TL leukemic blasts | MEP and megakaryocytic progenitor self-renewal and megakaryocytic differentiation | DS-AMKL, DS-TL, non-DS-AMKL | Upregulated in DS-AMKL, DS-TL, non-DS-AMKL | miR-125b-2 is involved in the pathogenesis of megakaryoblastic leukemia | DICER1, ST18 | NA | 41 |
| miR-145 | CD34+ cell culture system and mouse bone marrow transplantation model | Megakaryocytic differentiation | 5q- syndrome | Downregulated in HSPC of 5q- syndrome patients | Loss of miR-145 contributes to the pathogenesis of 5q- syndrome | TIRAP, Fli-1 | NA | 48,49 |
| miR-146a | Human cord blood CD34þ cells, mouse bone marrow transplantation model, and K562 cell line | Megakaryocytic differentiation | 5q- syndrome | Downregulated in HSPC of 5q- syndrome patients; downregulated during megakaryocytopoiesis | Loss of miR-145 contributes to the pathogenesis of 5q- syndrome. The downregulation of miR-146a is required for megakaryocytopoiesis | TRAF6, CXCR4 | PLZF | 48,50 |
Abbreviation: HSPC, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell.