Table 2. Immune staining scores (intensity scores+marker distribution scores) of TRAIL and its receptors.

	Control (n=6)	Sham (n=6)	Varicocele (n=6)	P
TRAIL-R1	2.50±0.83 (2–4)	2.66±0.81 (2–4)	5.00±0.63 (4–6)	0.0029*
TRAIL-R2	4.16±0.40 (4–5)	4.50±0.54 (4–5)	3.33±0.81 (2–4)	0.0235*
TRAIL-R3	3.66±0.81 (2–4)	3.66±0.51 (3–4)	4.00±0.89 (3–5)	0.7188
TRAIL-R4	2.33±0.51 (2–3)	2.16±0.75 (1–3)	3.50±0.54 (3–4)	0.0110*
TRAIL	1.83±0.75 (1–3)	1.66±0.51 (1–2)	1.83±0.40 (1–2)	0.8447

Abbreviation: TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.

The first number is the total of the intensity scores. The second number is the total of marker distribution scores. Intensity scores (0, negative; 1, weak; 2, moderate; 3, strong staining); marker distribution scores (0, less than 10% 1, between 10% and 40% 2, between 40% and 70% 3, more than 70% of the epithelial cells stained on the specimen). *P<0.05 compared with control group by Dunn's multipl comparison test. The data are presented as the mean±s.d.