Table 1. Sociodemographic characteristics of patients enrolled in a study of the use of diagnostic assays for rotavirus in children with acute gastroenteritis, 3 New Vaccine Surveillance Network sites (USA), October 2008–October 2009*.
| Characteristic | Children with AGE |
Healthy controls |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rotavirus EIA+, n = 158 | Rotavirus EIA–, n = 490 | p value† | All, n = 500 | p value‡ | p value§ | ||
| Median age, mo (IQR) |
23 (13–30) |
12 (5–23) |
<0.001 |
12 (4–20) |
<0.001 |
0.14 |
|
| Race | 0.04 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| White | 74 (47) | 177 (36) | 113 (23) | ||||
| Black | 45 (28) | 196 (40) | 293 (59) | ||||
| Asian | 1 (1) | 6 (1) | 7 (1) | ||||
| Other | 38 (24) | 111 (23) | 84 (17) | ||||
| Unknown |
0 |
0 |
|
|
3 (1) |
|
|
| Hispanic ethnicity |
27 (17) |
95 (19) |
0.56 |
|
74 (15) |
0.48 |
0.07 |
| Premature birth |
14 (9) |
53 (11) |
0.47 |
|
51 (10) |
0.61 |
0.74 |
| Ever breast-fed |
110 (70) |
310 (63) |
0.16 |
|
286 (57) |
0.006 |
0.04 |
| Attended day care |
55 (35) |
150 (31) |
0.28 |
|
88 (18) |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| No. doses rotavirus vaccine received | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.02 | ||||
| 0 | 105 (66) | 171 (34) | 178 (36) | ||||
| 1 | 9 (6) | 57 (12) | 53 (11) | ||||
| 2 | 8 (5) | 72 (15) | 74 (15) | ||||
| 3 | 22 (14) | 164 (34) | 187 (37) | ||||
| Ineligible | 8 (5) | 15 (3) | 6 (1) | ||||
| Unknown | 6 (4) | 10 (2) | 1 (0) | ||||
| Data missing |
0 |
1 (0) |
|
|
1 (0) |
|
|
| Insurance status | 0.01 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Public | 86 (54) | 335 (68) | 430 (86) | ||||
| Private | 58 (37) | 117 (24) | 49 (10) | ||||
| Public and private | 3 (2) | 14 (3) | 6 (1) | ||||
| None | 10 (6) | 23 (5) | 14 (3) | ||||
| Unknown |
1 (1) |
1 (0) |
|
|
1 (0) |
|
|
| Maternal education | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.48 | ||||
| Less than high school | 44 (28) | 134 (27) | 141 (28) | ||||
| High school | 40 (25) | 153 (31) | 170 (34) | ||||
| More than high school |
74 (47) |
203 (41) |
|
|
189 (38) |
|
|
| Age of other child in household | |||||||
| <6 mo | 12 (8) | 18 (4) | 0.04 | 26 (5) | 0.26 | 0.24 | |
| 6–23 mo | 23 (15) | 50 (10) | 0.13 | 67 (13) | 0.71 | 0.12 | |
| 2–4 y | 51 (32) | 145 (30) | 0.52 | 153 (31) | 0.69 | 0.73 | |
| <5 y |
74 (47) |
190 (39) |
0.07 |
|
214 (43) |
0.37 |
0.20 |
| Season specimen collected | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.01 | ||||
| January–June | 141 (89) | 347 (71) | 316 (63) | ||||
| July–December |
17 (11) |
143 (29) |
|
|
183 (37) |
|
|
| Study site | 0.34 | 0.13 | 0.72 | ||||
| Nashville, TN | 39 (25) | 149 (30) | 163 (33) | ||||
| Rochester, NY | 54 (34) | 146 (30) | 140 (28) | ||||
| Cincinnati, OH | 65 (41) | 195 (40) | 197 (39) | ||||
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. AGE, acute gastroenteritis; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; +, positive; −, negative; IQR, interquartile range. †Children with specimens positive vs. negative for rotavirus by EIA. ‡Children with specimens positive for rotavirus by EIA vs. healthy children. §Children with specimens negative for rotavirus by EIA vs. healthy children.