Table 1.
Time benchmarks for the segmentation and mesh creation of four different imaging cases: brain, pancreas, breast, and small animal, with the key steps in accurate segmentation identified and the time required for each step specified.
| Brain | ||
|---|---|---|
| Step | Time (min) | Parameters |
| Importing DICOMs | 0.15 | |
| K-means | 0.72 | 6 classes, 0.001 error tol., 1 smoothing factor, 100 iter. |
| Iterative hole filling | 0.17 | 1 radius, 1 majority threshold, 10 maximum iterations |
| Manual touch-up | 2.20 | fixing larger holes that were not caught by hole filling |
| Launching mesher | 0.12 | |
| Mesh creation | 2.28 | 2.00 mm tet/facet size, default values |
| Total | 5.64 | |
| Breast | ||
|---|---|---|
| Step | Time (min) | Parameters |
| Importing DICOMs | 0.10 | |
| Cropping | 0.01 | Bounding left breast |
| Bias correction | 0.10 | 4 downsample factor, iter., 200 spline dist. |
| Skin extraction | 0.22 | 100 thresh., 1 open. rad., 30 iter., 25 maj. thresh., 1 dil. rad. |
| K-means | 0.05 | 3 classes, 0.001 error tol., 1 smoothing factor, 100 iter. |
| Region dilation | 0.08 | 1 dilation radius |
| Iterative hole filling | 0.01 | 1 radius, 1 majority threshold, 10 maximum iterations |
| Manual touch-up | 16.05 | Fixing artifacts near chest wall, and stray pixels |
| Launching mesher | 0.12 | |
| Mesh creation | 0.50 | 1.29 mm tet/facet size, default values |
| Total | 17.24 | |
| Small animal | ||
|---|---|---|
| Step | Time (min) | Parameters |
| Importing DICOMs | 0.15 | |
| Cropping | 0.01 | Bounding the animal |
| Thresholding | 0.03 | 140 lower threshold, 7023 upper threshold |
| Iterative hole filling | 0.01 | 1 radius, 1 majority threshold, 10 maximum iterations |
| Manual touch-up | 14.13 | Creating interior regions, fixing stray pixels |
| Launching mesher | 0.16 | |
| Mesh creation | 0.08 | 0.70 mm tet/facet size, default values |
| Total | 14.57 | |
| Pancreas | ||
|---|---|---|
| Step | Time (min) | Parameters |
| Importing DICOMs | 0.15 | |
| Cropping | 0.01 | Bounding the pancreas |
| K-means | 0.13 | 3 classes, 0.001 error tol., 1 smoothing factor, 100 iter. |
| Iterative hole filling | 0.43 | 1 radius, 1 majority threshold, 10 maximum iterations |
| Manual touch-up | 9.88 | Fixing misclassified blood vessels, stray pixels |
| Launching mesher | 0.17 | |
| Mesh creation | 1.58 | 1.40 mm tet/facet size, default values |
| Total | 12.35 | |