Table 4.

Carotid Arterial Stiffness Measurements

	ET			CT			P-Value
	Baseline	8 Week	Final	Baseline	8 Week	Final
N	24	20	23	24	21	20
Main measure
AD (×10-3 mm*mmHg-1)	1.07 ± 0.50	1.14 ± 0.70	0.97 ± 0.56	0.89 ± 0.35	0.97 ± 0.51	1.07 ± 0.34	0.65
Other measures
AC (×10-3 mm*mmHg-1)	65.1 ± 20.9	76.8 ± 64.7	58.8 ± 32.8	51.6 ± 23.4	51.3 ± 17.4	61.7 ± 21.1	0.64*
PEM (kPa)	232 ± 150	223 ± 181	224 ± 198	242 ± 109	235 ± 147	242 ± 111	0.41*
YEM (kPa)	1504 ± 1160	1302 ± 1089	1427 ± 1385	1209 ± 642	1195 ± 864	1128 ± 648	0.82*
Beta Index	16.11 ± 9.36	16.45 ± 12.46	15.77 ± 12.66	16.91 ± 7.61	16.82 ± 10.46	16.58 ± 7.16	0.50*
Pulse pressure
PP (mmHg)	70 ± 16	65 ± 12	62 ± 13	73 ± 17	67 ± 12	68 ± 12	0.24
Arterial dimensions
IMT (mm)	0.74 ± 0.08	0.75 ± 0.09	0.76 ± 0.11	0.84 ± 0.14	0.82 ± 0.10	0.84 ± 0.10	0.30
SAD (mm)	8.33 ± 1.12	8.31 ± 1.18	8.45 ± 1.20	8.26 ± 0.92	8.11 ± 0.89	8.35 ± 0.97	0.47
DAD (mm)	7.93 ± 1.15	7.90 ± 1.17	8.01 ± 1.19	7.89 ± 0.90	7.72 ± 0.89	8.00 ± 0.96	0.52
SLD (mm)	6.98 ± 1.19	7.02 ± 1.29	6.83 ± 1.02	6.63 ± 1.02	6.46 ± 0.88	6.53 ± 0.87	0.90
DLD (mm)	6.53 ± 1.22	6.57 ± 1.17	6.43 ± 1.02	6.21 ± 0.94	6.08 ± 0.91	6.09 ± 0.80	0.72
ADC (mm)	0.40 ± 0.17	0.41 ± 0.20	0.44 ± 0.24	0.38 ± 0.16	0.39 ± 0.27	0.35 ± 0.14	0.49*

Data represent means ± SD; p-value represents comparison of least square means of the main effect across the follow-up visits following adjustment for baseline values. Abbreviations: AD: arterial distensibility; AC: arterial compliance; PEM: Peterson's elastic modulus; YEM: Young's elastic modulus; kPa: kilopascals; PP: pulse pressure; IMT: mean wall intimal medial thickness; SAD: systolic arterial diameter; DAD: diastolic arterial diameter; SLD: systolic lumen diameter; DLD: diastolic lumen diameter; ADC: arterial diameter change during cardiac cycle.

^*p-value is shown following logarithmic transformation of this highly skewed variable.