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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Tob Control. 2012 Nov 7;23(2):113–118. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050517
(Change in # cigs/day)ij = γ(intercept) +
Person-level fixed effects γ (# cigs/day at Wave 1 centered)ij +
γ (female)ij+
γ (age 30–44)ij+
γ (age 45–64)ij+
γ (age ≥65)ij+
γ (African American)ij+
γ (Hispanic)ij+
γ (other race)ij+
γ (< high school)ij+
γ (>high school)ij+
γ (very low income)ij+
γ (low income)ij+
γ (divorced)ij+
γ (married)ij +
γ (current/recent pregnancy at Wave 2)ij +
γ (presence of comorbidities at Wave 1)ij +
State-level fixed effects γ (price change)j +
γ (indoor air score change)j +
Cross-level interaction γ (# cigs/day at Wave 1 centered)ij(price change)j +
Random effects u0j +
u1j(# cigs/day at Wave 1)ij+
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