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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 12.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Sports Med. 2010 Feb 5;38(4):713–720. doi: 10.1177/0363546509353406

TABLE 1.

Anterior (†)/Posterior (−) Tibial Translation (mean ± SD, mm) Under 3 External Loading Conditions

Loading Condition Flexion
Angle, deg		 ACL Intact ACL Deficient Single-Bundle ACL
Reconstruction		 Anatomical ACL
Reconstruction
Anterior tibial load 0 4.8 ± 1.4 12.8 ± 1.9a1 7.1 ± 1.0a6,b1 5.0 ± 1.0b6,c1
15 7.1 ± 2.7 17.9 ± 4.4a2 10.2 ± 1.8a7,b2 8.3 ± 1.7b7,c2
30 7.9 ± 2.7 18.3 ± 5.3a3 11.1 ± 2.0a8,b3 9.5 ± 1.9b8
60 6.8 ± 3.0 13.4 ± 5.0a4 9.5 ± 2.5a9,b4 8.6 ± 2.3b9
90 6.3 ± 3.1 10.9 ± 3.3a5 8.4 ± 2.2a10,b55 8.1 ± 2.2a11,b1010
Simulated quadriceps load 0 2.5 ± 1.8 5.4 ± 2.6a12 4.0 ± 1.3a15,b11 2.2 ± 1.3b14,c3
15 4.7 ± 3.4 10.5 ± 5.0a13 7.0 ± 2.6a16,b12 5.2 ± 2.0b15
30 5.2 ± 3.3 9.4 ± 4.2a14 7.4 ± 2.9a17,b13 5.9 ± 2.3b16
60 2.5 ± 1.7 2.5 ± 2.6 2.6 ± 2.6 1.9 ± 2.0
90 0.3 ± 0.5 0.3 ± 0.8 0.4 ± 0.9 0.1 ± 0.4
Combined tibial torques 0 0.1 6± 2.1 2.7 ± 2.3a18 1.1 ± 1.1a20,b17 −0.5 ± 1.1b18,c4
30 2.1 ± 4.3 4.5 ± 4.7a19 3.6 ± 3.8 2.7 ± 3.9b19
a

a1–5, a13: P ═ .0002; a6: P ═ .0017; a7: P ═ .0050; a8: P ═ .0115; a9: P ═ .0341; a10: P ═ .0326; a11:P ═ .0275; a12: P ═ .0005; a14: P ═ .0003; a15: P ═ .0236; a16: P ═ .0435; a17: P ═ .0260; a18: P ═ .0001; a19: P ═ .0052; a20: P ═ .0185 (significantly different from ACL-intact knee).

b

b1-b3, b18: P ═ .0002; b4: P ═.0010; b5: P ═ .0047; b6-b8, b15: P ═ .0001; b9, b14: P ═ .0004; b10: P ═ .0054; b11: P ═ .0435; b12: P ═ .0013; b13: P ═ .0226; b16: P ═ .0008; b17: P ═ .0016; b19: P ═ .0230 (significantly different from ACL-deficient knee).

c

c1: P ═ .0019; c2: P ═ .0349; c3: P ═ .0205; c4: P ═ .0035 (significantly different from single-bundle ACL reconstruction).