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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 12.
Published in final edited form as: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 Jun;41(6):1198–1205. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181981eb5

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

The definition of patellofemoral kinematics, illustrated on a left knee model. Patellar flexion in sagittal view (A), patellar shift in coronal view (B), patellar tilt in axial view (C), and patellar rotation in coronal view (D). The arrows indicate the direction of positive value.