Table 2.
Dislike visiting doctor (male) (female) (both) | Self-efficacy in health care settings (male) (female) (both) | How confident can change health practices (male) (female) (both) | Concerned Dr. might disapprove of health practices (male) (female) (both) | If sick, one’s own behavior determines getting well (male) (female) (both) | Better to seek professional help than treat oneself (male) (female) (both) | Good health a matter of good fortune (male) (female) (both) | Comfortable life important (male) (female) (both) | Exciting life important (male) (female) (both) | Respect & admiration of others important (male) (female) (both) | Religious & spiritual beliefs important (male) (female) (both) | |
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Frequency of heavy drinking days1 | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) | Mean(se) |
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Never | 2.2 (.02) | .03 (.11) | 2.4 (.02) | 1.4 (.02) | 3.8 (.04) | 3.4 (.04) | 2.2 (.04) | 2.7 (.01) | 2.1 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) |
2.2 (.01) | .20 (.07) | 2.3 (.01) | 1.4 (.01) | 3.8 (.02) | 3.2 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) | 2.8 (.01) | 2.0 (.01) | 2.4 (.01) | 2.4 (.01) | |
2.2 (.01) | .11 (.07) | 2.3 (.01) | 1.4 (.01) | 3.8 (.02) | 3.3 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) | 2.8 (.01) | 2.1 (.01) | 2.3 (.01) | 2.3 (.01) | |
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Less than monthly | 2.2 (.02) | −.12 (.13) | 2.3 (.03) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.7 (.04) | 3.3 (.04) | 2.3 (.05) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.1 (.03) |
2.1 (.03) | .22 (.16) | 2.3 (.03) | 1.5 (.03) | 3.9 (.05) | 3.2 (.06) | 2.2 (.06) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.2 (.03) | 2.4 (.03) | 2.3 (.03) | |
2.2 (.02) | .05 (.10) | 2.3 (.03) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.8 (.03) | 3.3 (.04) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.8 (.01) | 2.2 (.02) | 2.4 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) | |
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Monthly | 2.2 (.04) | −.30 (.21) | 2.2 (.04) | 1.5 (.04) | 3.8 (.06) | 3.4 (.07) | 2.2 (.08) | 2.7 (.03) | 2.2 (.04) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.0 (.04) |
2.2 (.06) | −.52 (.32) | 2.2 (.06) | 1.6 (.06) | 3.8 (.10) | 3.2 (.11) | 2.3 (.12) | 2.8 (.04) | 2.1 (.06) | 2.5 (.06) | 2.2 (.07) | |
2.2 (.04) | −.41 (.19) | 2.2 (.04) | 1.5 (.03) | 3.8 (.06) | 3.3 (.06) | 2.3 (.07) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.2 (.04) | 2.4 (.03) | 2.1 (.04) | |
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Weekly | 2.3 (.04) | −.27 (.22) | 2.1 (.04) | 1.5 (.04) | 3.8 (.07) | 3.4 (.08) | 2.3 (.08) | 2.8 (.03) | 2.2 (.04) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.0 (.04) |
2.2 (.09) | −.01 (.47) | 2.2 (.09) | 1.7 (.08) | 3.8 (.15) | 3.2 (.16) | 2.5 (.17) | 2.8 (.06) | 2.1 (.09) | 2.5 (.08) | 2.1 (.10) | |
2.3 (.05) | −.14 (.26) | 2.2 (.05) | 1.6 (.05) | 3.8 (.08) | 3.3 (.09) | 2.4 (.09) | 2.8 (.03) | 2.2 (.05) | 2.4 (.04) | 2.1 (.05) | |
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Daily or almost daily | 2.4 (.07) | −1.07 (.35) | 1.9 (.07) | 1.8 (.06) | 3.5 (.11) | 3.0 (.12) | 2.6 (.13) | 2.8 (.04) | 2.1 (.06) | 2.2 (.06) | 1.9 (.07) |
2.2 (.14) | −1.67 (.77) | 1.8 (.15) | 2.0 (.14) | 3.9 (.24) | 3.2 (.26) | 3.0 (.28) | 2.8 (.10) | 1.9 (.14) | 2.2 (.13) | 2.1 (.06) | |
2.3 (.08) | −1.37 (.42) | 1.8 (.08) | 1.9 (.08) | 3.7 (.13) | 3.1 (.14) | 2.8 (.15) | 2.8 (.05) | 2.0 (.08) | 2.2 (.07) | 1.9 (.09) | |
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p for heavy drinking days | .03 | .00 | .00 | .00 | .92 | .58 | .00 | .16 | .00 | .01 | .00 |
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Gender | |||||||||||
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Male | 2.2 (.02) | −.35 (.10) | 2.2 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.7 (.03) | 3.3 (.03) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.8 (.01) | 2.2 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.1 (.02) |
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Female | 2.2 (.04) | −.36 (.19) | 2.2 (.04) | 1.6 (.04) | 3.8 (.06) | 3.2 (.07) | 2.5 (.07) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.1 (.04) | 2.4(.03) | 2.2 (.04) |
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p for gender | .24 | .97 | .60 | .00 | .15 | .36 | .12 | .21 | .03 | .00 | .00 |
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Gender x heavy drinking days interaction | F(4,5338)= 0.58, p=.68 | F(4,5338)= .65, p=.63 | F(4,5338)= .71, p=.59 | F(4,5338)= 2.4, p=.05 | F(4,5338)= .74, p=.56 | F(4,5338)= .42, p=.79 | F(4,5338)= 1.1, p=.35 | F(4,5338)= .06, p=.99 | F(4,5338)= .66, p=.62 | F(4,5338)= .86, p=.49 | F(4,5338)= .78, p=.54 |
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Adjusted3 R2 | .011 | .032 | .020 | .038 | .004 | .058 | .017 | .016 | .060 | .016 | .060 |
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Drinking Status2 | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) | Mean (se) |
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Lifelong abstainer | 2.1 (.04) | −.19 (.21) | 2.4 (.04) | 1.4 (.04) | 3.7 (.07) | 3.5 (.07) | 2.4 (.08) | 2.7 (.03) | 2.1 (.04) | 2.4 (.04) | 2.5 (.04) |
2.2 (.02) | −.16 (.12) | 2.4 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.7 (.04) | 3.4 (.04) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.7 (.02) | 2.0 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.6 (.02) | |
2.2 (.02) | −.18 (.12) | 2.4 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.7 (.04) | 3.4 (.04) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.7 (.02) | 2.0 (.02) | 2.4 (.02) | 2.6 (.02) | |
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Former drinker | 2.1 (.03) | −.04 (.15) | 2.3 (.03) | 1.5 (.03) | 3.7 (.05) | 3.5 (.05) | 2.3 (.05) | 2.7 (.02) | 2.2 (.03) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.4 (.03) |
2.2 (.02) | .12 (.12) | 2.3 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.8 (.04) | 3.4 (.04) | 2.1 (.04) | 2.7 (.02) | 1.9 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.5 (.02) | |
2.1 (.02) | .04 (.10) | 2.3 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.7 (.03) | 3.4 (.03) | 2.2 (.04) | 2.7 (.01) | 2.0 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.4 (.02) | |
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Drinks .5–29 drinks/month | 2.2 (.02) | −.04 (.09) | 2.3 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.8 (.03) | 3.4 (.03) | 2.3 (.03) | 2.7 (.01) | 2.1 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) |
2.2 (.01) | .22 (.06) | 2.3 (.01) | 1.4 (.01) | 3.8 (.02) | 3.3 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) | 2.8 (.01) | 2.0 (.01) | 2.4 (.01) | 2.4 (.01) | |
2.2 (.01) | .09 (.06) | 2.3 (.01) | 1.4 (.01) | 3.8 (.02) | 3.4 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.8 (.01) | 2.1 (.01) | 2.3 (.01) | 2.3 (.01) | |
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Drinks 30–59 drinks/month | 2.2 (.03) | −.26 (.17) | 2.3 (.03) | 1.4 (.03) | 3.7 (.06) | 3.3 (.06) | 2.3 (.06) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.2 (.03) | 2.3 (.03) | 2.0 (.03) |
2.1(.04) | −.08 (.19) | 2.3 (.04) | 1.5 (.04) | 3.8 (.06) | 3.2 (.07) | 2.4 (.07) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.1 (.04) | 2.4 (.03) | 2.3 (.04) | |
2.2 (.02) | −.17 (.13) | 2.3 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.8 (.04) | 3.2 (.04) | 2.3 (.05) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.1 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.2 (.03) | |
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Drinks 60–89 drinks/month | 2.3 (.06) | −.12 (.33) | 2.2 (.06) | 1.6 (.06) | 3.8 (.10) | 3.5 (.11) | 2.3 (.12) | 2.8 (.04) | 2.2 (.06) | 2.3 (.06) | 2.0 (.06) |
2.3 (.09) | −.42 (.45) | 2.0 (.09) | 1.8 (.08) | 3.8 (.14) | 3.0 (.15) | 2.1 (.16) | 2.8 (.06) | 2.1 (.08) | 2.5 (.08) | 2.1 (.09) | |
2.3 (.05) | −.27 (.28) | 2.1 (.05) | 1.7 (.05) | 3.8 (.10) | 3.2 (.09) | 2.2 (.10) | 2.8 (.04) | 2.2 (.05) | 2.4 (.05) | 2.0 (.06) | |
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Drinks 90 or more drinks/month | 2.3 (.05) | −.82 (.28) | 1.9 (.05) | 1.7 (.05) | 3.7 (.09) | 3.2 (.09) | 2.4 (.10) | 2.8 (.04) | 2.1 (.05) | 2.3 (.05) | 2.0 (.06) |
2.2 (.09) | −1.4 (.46) | 1.9 (.09) | 1.8 (.08) | 3.9 (.14) | 3.3 (.15) | 2.7 (.16) | 2.8 (.06) | 1.9 (.08) | 2.3 (.08) | 2.1 (.09) | |
2.3 (.05) | −1.1 (.27) | 1.9 (.05) | 1.8 (.05) | 3.8 (.08) | 3.2 (.09) | 2.6 (.10) | 2.8 (.04) | 2.0 (.05) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.0 (.05) | |
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p for drinking status | .00 | .00 | .00 | .00 | .20 | .00 | .00 | .00 | .00 | .26 | .00 |
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Gender | |||||||||||
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Male | 2.2 (.02) | −.24 (.09) | 2.2 (.02) | 1.5 (.02) | 3.7 (.03) | 3.4 (.03) | 2.3 (.03) | 2.7 (.01) | 2.1 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) | 2.2 (.02) |
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Female | 2.2 (.02) | −.28 (.12) | 2.2 (.02) | 1.6 (.02) | 3.8 (.04) | 3.2 (.04) | 2.3 (.04) | 2.8 (.02) | 2.0 (.02) | 2.4 (.02) | 2.3 (.02) |
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p for gender | .62 | .78 | .33 | .00 | .03 | .00 | .70 | .25 | .00 | .01 | .00 |
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Gender x drinking status interaction | F(5,7690)= 1.66, p=.14 | F(5,7690)= .72, p=.61 | F(5,7690)= .78, p=.56 | F(5,7690)= 2.17, p=.05 | F(5,7690)= .86, p=.50 | F(5,7690)= 1.09, p=.36 | F(5,7690)= 1.23, p=.29 | F(5,7690)= .46, p=.80 | F(5,7690)= 2.80, p=.02 | F(5,7690)= 1.77, p=.12 | F(5,7690)= 1.70, p=.13 |
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Adjusted3 R2 | .01 | .03 | .02 | .04 | .00 | .06 | .03 | .02 | .06 | .02 | .09 |
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Multivariate p | Drinking status= .00, Gender= .00, Gender-by-drinking interaction= .06 |
Among current drinkers, n=5352.
N=7706 (drinking status missing for 178 individuals).
Both models are adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, educational level, and adjusted household income.