Table 1b.

Model 2 Means and Standard Deviations by Gender

Variables	Males		Females		p value
	Mean	Standard Deviation	Mean	Standard Deviation	Gender Difference
Father Report
T2 Parent Child Affective Quality	5.38	0.80	5.51	0.72	.27
T2 Consistent Discipline	5.17	0.64	5.14	0.61	.78
T2 Standard Setting	5.07	0.74	5.03	0.77	.70
T2 Monitoring	5.64	0.58	5.69	0.57	.55
Mother Report
T2 Parent Child Affective Quality	5.44	0.88	5.61	0.70	.13
T2 Consistent Discipline	5.04	0.65	5.03	0.77	.90
T2 Standard Setting	5.12	0.77	5.14	0.70	.83
T2 Monitoring	5.64	0.56	5.96	0.62	<.01
Father Report
T3 Parent Child Affective Quality	5.37	0.74	5.48	0.76	.34
T3 Consistent Discipline	5.21	0.71	5.15	0.53	.56
T3 Standard Setting	5.08	0.62	4.93	0.82	.21
T3 Monitoring	5.66	0.53	5.59	0.58	.44
Mother Report
T3Parent Child Affective Quality	5.50	0.87	5.59	0.73	.39
T3 Consistent Discipline	5.08	0.65	5.00	0.66	.41
T3 Standard Setting	5.16	0.77	5.07	0.76	.40
T3 Monitoring	5.65	0.61	5.87	0.65	.02
Adolescent Report
T2 Substance use	1.23	0,69	1.22	0.46	.92
T2 Friends’ Aggressive/Destructive Behavior	1.39	0.67	1.21	0.50	.04
T2 Friends Non-Aggressive/Rule-Breaking Behavior	1.28	0.54	1.22	0.51	.47
Teacher Report
T2 Compared to Classmates	3.67	1.87	2.31	1.46	<.01
T2 Adolescent Aggressive/Destructive Behavior	0.31	0.35	0.16	0.23	<.01
T2 Adolescent Non-Aggressive/Rule-Breaking Behavior	0.30	0.31	0.09	0.18	<.01
Adolescent Report
T3 Substance use	1.39	0.68	1.39	0.66	.98
T3 Friends’ Aggressive/Destructive Behavior	1.50	0.74	1.34	0.76	.13
T3 Friends Non-Aggressive/Rule-Breaking Behavior	1.42	0,67	1.41	0.78	.95
Teacher Report
T4 Compared to Classmates	3.51	1.70	2.48	1.61	<.01
T4 Adolescent Aggressive/Destructive Behavior	0.28	0.28	0.17	0.22	.01
T4 Adolescent Non-Aggressive/Rule-Breaking Behavior	0.44	0.38	0.29	0.29	<.01

Note: T2 = Time 2; T3 = Time 3; T4 = Time 4. Adolescent boys n = 110; Adolescent girls n = 109; Fathers n = 187; Mothers n = 216.