Figure 2.

Group-average maps of resting-state correlations for the healthy control subjects and schizophrenia patients. Average correlation maps (Pearson's r for the control subjects [n = 19] and the patients with schizophrenia [n = 18] for the right mPFC (Talairach coordinates of seed center: 8, 42, -15) (A), left m/pCC (Talairach coordinates of seed center: -5, -30, 34) (B) and right m/pCC (Talairach coordinates of seed center: 6, -22, 32 (C), at the midline (x = 0), are displayed. Voxels that are positively correlated with the seed are labeled orange-yellow, and voxels that are negatively correlated with the seed are labeled blue. In panel A, the high degree of local positive connectivity for the right mPFC seed is evident; additional positive connectivity with the posterior cingulate gyrus (Table 3) is not visible in this slice. In panel B, the classic default mode connectivity pattern is found in both groups for the left m/pCC seed, although in the control group, connectivity of this seed extends into the dorsal mPFC, whereas for the patients, connectivity of this seed is more prominent in ventral mPFC. The location of the between-group difference in functional connectivity in the dorsal mPFC (i.e., the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, also see Figure 3) is indicated with white arrows. In panel C, a connectivity pattern that is characteristic of the middle and dorsal-posterior cingulate cortex is seen in both groups (28). Con, control group; Scz, schizophrenia group; mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; m/pCC, middle and dorsal-posterior cingulate cortex.