Table 1.
Characteristics and stool microscopic examination of patients with intestinal amebiasis and shigellosis 0–14 years of age
| Characteristic | Intestinal amebiasis; N = 110 (%) | Shigellosis; N = 330 (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI)* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 67 (61) | 204 (62) | 0.96 (0.60, 1.54) 0.954 | – |
| Illiterate mother | 75 (68) | 165 (50) | 2.14 (1.33, 3.47) 0.001 | 1.15 (0.58, 2.27) 0.673 |
| Illiterate father | 55 (50) | 124 (38) | 1.66 (1.05, 2.63) 0.028 | 0.97 (0.51, 1.84) 0.920 |
| Stopped breast feeding within 1 mo of age | 16/20 (80) | 29/106 (27) | 1.51 (0.42, 5.85) 0.682 | – |
| Poor socio-economic status (median monthly family income ≤ US$40) | 66 (60) | 176 (53) | 1.31 (0.83, 2.08) 0.268 | – |
| Living in the slum | 31 (28) | 34 (10) | 3.42 (1.91, 6.11) < 0.001 | 3.51 (1.69, 7.24) 0.001 |
| Use of sanitary toilet | 46 (42) | 176 (53) | 0.63 (0.40, 1.00) 0.047 | 1.06 (0.60, 1.87) 0.834 |
| Did not receive vitamin A capsule, (under 5 years) | 76 (69) | 234 (71) | 0.92 (0.56, 1.51) 0.809 | – |
| History of measles within last 6 mo | 4 (4) | 19 (6) | 0.62 (0.17, 1.98) 0.536 | – |
| History of abdominal pain | 71 (65) | 236 (72) | 0.73 (0.45, 1.18) 0.208 | – |
| Fever (Temperature 37.8°C) | 7 (6) | 46 (14) | 0.42 (0.17, 1.01) 0.051 | 0.49 (0.17, 1.43) 0.195 |
| Duration of diarrhea (< 1 d) | 37 (38) | 82 (25) | 1.53 (0.93, 2.51) 0.094 | – |
| Watery stool (lack of mucus/blood) | 64 (58) | 107 (32) | 2.90 (1.82, 4.63) < 0.001 | 0.97 (0.54, 1.74) 0.935 |
| Dehydration (moderate/severe) | 26/96 (27) | 60/296 (20) | 1.46 (0.83, 2.57) 0.207 | – |
| Wasting (WHZ–2 z score) | 23/76 (30) | 88/277 (32) | 0.93 (0.52, 1.67) 0.911 | – |
| Stunting (HAZ–2 z score) | 38/76 (50) | 121/156 (44) | 1.29 (0.75, 2.21) 0.395 | – |
| Underweight (WAZ–2 z score) | 42/76 (55) | 162/277 (59) | 0.88 (0.51, 1.51) 0.709 | – |
| Use of antimicrobial before hospital visit | 55 (50) | 222 (67) | 0.49 (0.31, 0.77) < 0.001 | 0.77 (0.44, 1.33) 0.351 |
| Death | 1 (1) | 3 (1) | 1.00 | – |
| Pneumonia | 1 (2) | 10 (3) | 0.59 (0.09, 2.94) 0.738 | – |
| Red blood cell/ /hpf (1 to > 50) | 50 (45) | 252 (79) | 0.21 (0.13, 0.35) < 0.001 | 0.44 (0.24, 0.86) 0.016 |
| Fecal leukocytes/hpf (11 to > 50) | 62 (56) | 278 (82) | 0.18 (0.11, 0.31) < 0.001 | 0.17 (0.07, 0.33) < 0.001 |
| Macrophage/hpf (1 to 10) | 38 (34) | 238 (75) | 0.18 (0.11, 0.29) < 0.001 | 0.00 (0.00) 0.997 |
| pH (alkali) | 99 (90) | 257 (81) | 2.07 (1.00, 4.35) 0.049 | 0.16 (0.07, 0.36) < 0.001 |
*
Variables that were found to be significant in univeriate analysis were included in the multivariate model.
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.