Isoflurane |
1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether |
Halogenated ether |
Volatile |
Not well understood. Binds to GABA, glutamate and glycine receptors |
|
Sevoflurane |
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2- (fluoromethoxy)propane |
Halogenated ether |
Volatile |
Not well understood. Binds to GABA, glutamates and glycine receptors |
|
Halothane |
2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1- trifluorethane) |
Halogenated ether |
Volatile |
Not well understood. Binds to GABA, glutamates and glycine receptors |
|
Propofol |
2,6-diisopropylphenol |
Alkyl phenol |
Intravenous |
Potentiation of GABAA receptor activity |
|
Pentobarbital |
5-Ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)- 2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione |
Barbiturate |
Intravenous |
Positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors, binding site is located in the Beta subunit. Also, targets glutamate, adenosine, and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |
|
Dexmedetomidine |
(S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-3H-imidazole |
α2-adrenergic receptor agonist |
Intravenous |
Agonist of α2-adrenergic receptors |
|
Chloral hydrate |
2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol |
NA |
Intravenous, oral |
Enhances the GABA receptor complex. |
|