Table 1.

Characteristics of Patients with Leptospirosis and HIV Infection, Northern Tanzania, 2007–2008

Cases	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
Age (years)	31.4	29.5	58.5	31.7	39.9	34.9	3.7	4.7	1.8
Sex	Female	Female	Male	Male	Female	Male	Male	Male	Female
Leptospirosis confirmed or probable	Probable	Probable	Probable	Confirmed	Confirmed	Confirmed	Confirmed	Confirmed	Confirmed
Prior HIV test positivea	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
CD4 (cells/μL)	1105	203	None	86	98	484	313	1014	357
CD4 %	45	18	None	11	11	37	26	22	4
Prescribed ART	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Unknown
Prescribed SXT prophylaxisb	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	Yes	—	—	—
Died	No	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No
Admitting diagnoses	Malaria	Meningitis, cerebral malaria	Urinary tract infection, malaria	Tuberculosis, malaria	Malaria	HIV, malaria	Pneumonia, otitis media	HIV/AIDS, pneumonia	HIV/AIDS, marasmus, malaria
Discharge diagnosesb	HIV, malaria	Meningitis	Severe malaria	Malaria	HIV, malaria	HIV, malaria	—	—	—
Concurrent infections	None	S. pneumoniae bacteremia	E. coli bacteremia	None	Salmonella Typhi bacteremia	None	S. pneumoniae bacteremia	None	None
Antibacterials during admission	None	Penicillin, chloramphenicol	Penicillin	None	SXT metronidazole	None	Ampicillin, gentamicin	Ampicillin, gentamicin	Ampicillin, gentamicin
Leptospirosis predominant serogroupc	Mini	Canicola	Mini	Celledoni	Australis	Australis	Ictero-hemorrhagiae, Mini	Mini	Ictero-hemorrhagiae, Mini
Highest MAT reciprocal titer	1600	1600	800	800	400	400	200	200	200

^aKnown to be HIV infected prior to study enrollment.

^bData not collected for infants and children.

^cDefined as the serogroup for the reacting serovar with the highest MAT titer.

HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; ART, antiretroviral therapy; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; MAT, microscopic agglutination test.