Table 1.
Demographic information.
| Demographic characteristic | All participants N = 51 | Inadequate health literacy N = 10 | Marginal health literacy N = 5 | Adequate health literacy N = 36 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 64.68 (13.04) | 77.00 (11.79)* | 69.20 (10.76) | 60.97 (11.71)* | 0.002 |
| Years of education, mean (SD), y | 13.72 (2.77) | 11.89 (2.67) | 13.2 (1.79) | 14.27 (2.75) | 0.061 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 29.84 (8.14) | 28.37 (5.59) | 38.42 (13.74)* | 29.06 (7.31)* | 0.042 |
| Prescription medications, mean (SD) | 8.78 (4.28) | 9.30 (3.53) | 10.80 (1.79) | 8.36 (4.66) | 0.456 |
| Recruitment site, N (%a) | 0.018 | ||||
| Bloomington hospital | 19 (37.3) | 7 (13.7) | 3 (5.9) | 9 (17.6) | |
| Community health network | 4 (7.8) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (5.9) | |
| Cleveland clinic | 28 (54.9) | 2 (3.9) | 2 (3.9) | 24 (41.1) | |
| Male, N (%) | 29 (56.9) | 5 (9.8) | 3 (5.69) | 21 (41.2) | 0.885 |
| Marital status, N (%) | 0.025 | ||||
| Unmarried | 5 (9.8) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2.0) | 3 (5.9) | |
| Married | 34 (66.7) | 3 (5.9) | 2 (3.9) | 29 (56.9) | |
| Divorced/separated | 3 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Widowed | 9 (17.6) | 6 (11.8) | 1 (2.0) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Ethnicity, N (%) | 0.287 | ||||
| Black/African American | 3 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | 1 (2.0) | |
| White/Caucasian | 45 (88.2) | 9 (17.6) | 4 (7.8) | 32 (62.7) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 3 (5.9) | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.0) | |
| Financial status, N (%) | 0.379 | ||||
| More than enough to make ends meet | 22 (43.1) | 4 (7.8) | 1 (2.0) | 17 (33.3) | |
| Enough to make ends meet | 20 (39.2) | 5 (9.8) | 2 (3.9) | 13 (25.5) | |
| Not enough to make ends meet | 9 (7.6) | 1 (2.0) | 2 (3.9) | 6 (11.8) |
*Significant difference between groups in posthoc tests, P < 0.05.
aAll % calculated with a denominator of N = 51.