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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 13.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 May 27;58(1):73–82. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.12.044

Figure 8. Diagrammatic illustration of the proposed mechanisms of SS-31 protection in Ang- and Gαq-induced cardiomyopathy.

Figure 8

Ang and Gαq activate NOX isoforms that may directly (NOX4) or indirectly (NOX2) elevate mitochondrial ROS. Amplification by ROS induced ROS mechanisms may facilitate ROS-mediated activation of signaling in hypertrophy and failure.