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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 13.
Published in final edited form as: Food Chem. 2012 Apr 15;131(4):1193–1200. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.103

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Sorption of blueberry polyphenols to defatted soybean flour (DSF) and in vivo hypoglycemic activity of polyphenol-enriched DSF. (A) Left panel - untreated DSF and DSF enriched with blueberry anthocyanins and other polyphenols (BB-DSF). Right panel - blueberry juice before and after DSF treatment. (B) Concentration (top) and percentage (bottom) of blueberry anthocyanins (ACNs; cyanidin 3-O-glucoside equivalents) and (C) total polyphenols (gallic acid equivalents) sorbed to increasing amounts (g/l) of DSF. 5x and 15x refer to dilutions of blueberry juice concentrate (D) Blood glucose levels of C57bl/6 mice before and 6 h after treatment with 75% Labrasol (VEH), DSF, blueberry polyphenol-enriched DSF (BB-DSF) and Metformin® (MET). The second row of numbers represent the amount of anthocyanins (ACNs) delivered in the indicated dose of blueberry polyphenol-enriched DSF. Each bar represents mean ± SD (n = 5 to 15) of data combined from 3 independent experiments. * p= 0.005; ** p= 0.0009; *** p= 0.002, + p= 1.7×10−5 (Dunnett’s test relative to DSF group). Significance was confirmed within groups using two-tailed, paired t-tests.