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. 2013 Jun 25;14(7):13063–13077. doi: 10.3390/ijms140713063

Table 1.

Inhibitory effects of compounds 117 from the rhizome of H. coronarium on superoxide radical anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils in response to fMet-Leu-Phe/cytochalasin B a.

Compounds Superoxide anion Elastase
IC50 (μg/mL) b IC50 (μg/mL) b
Hedychicoronarin (1) >10 >10
Peroxycoronarin D (2) >10 >10
7β-Hydroxycalcaratarin A (3) 4.52 ± 1.14 e 3.86 ± 0.98 g
(E)-7β-Hydroxy-6-oxo-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (4) >10 5.36 ± 1.23
Calcaratarin A (5) 2.25 ± 0.42 e 2.36 ± 0.41 e
Coronarin A (6) 3.31 ± 2.41 2.67 ± 1.68
Coronarin D (7) >10 >10
Coronarin D methyl ether (8) >10 >10
Coronarin D ethyl ether (9) >10 >10
(E)-Labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (10) 3.21 ± 1.24 3.70 ± 1.18 f
Ergosta-4,6, 8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (11) >10 6.17 ± 1.30 e
Mixture of β-sitostenone (12) and β-stigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (13) >10 >10
Mixture of 6β-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (14) and 6β-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one (15) >10 >10
Mixture of stearic acid (16) and palmitic acid (17) >10 >10
LY294002 c 0.36 ± 0.04 0.63 ± 0.07
Diphenyleneiodonium d 0.55 ± 0.24
a

Results are presented as averages ± SEM (n = 4).

b

Concentration necessary for 50% inhibition (IC50).

c

LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor, was used as a positive control for superoxide anion generation and elastase release.

d

Diphenyleneiodonium, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, was used as a positive control for superoxide anion generation.

e

p < 0.05 compared with the control.

f

p < 0.01 compared with the control.

g

p < 0.001 compared with the control.