Table 3.

Psychopathology, social functioning, and cognitive performances in the sample

	Smoker TRS	Nonsmoker TRS
PANSS total	85.51 ± 14.54	77.78 ± 14.86	P = 0.04; df = 59; F = 2.04
‘Positive Symptoms’ subscale	18.67 ± 5.02	16.44 ± 7.17	P = 0.16; df = 59; F = 1.42
‘Negative Symptoms’ subscale	23.44 ± 6.38	20.50 ± 5.02	P = 0.05; df = 59; F = 1.97
‘General Psychopathology’ subscale	43.39 ± 5.77	40.83 ± 7.81	P = 0.15; df = 59; F = 1.47
PSP total	41.22 ± 15.91	40.55 ± 12.01	P = 0.86; df = 59; F = 0.18
‘Social Useful Activities’ subscale	3.22 ± 1.11	3.11 ± 0.94	P = 0.67; df = 59; F = 0.42
‘Personal and Social Relationship’ subscale	3.11 ± 0.91	3.16 ± 1.03	P = 0.82; df = 59; F = 0.22
‘Self-Care’ subscale	1.51 ± 1.34	1.11 ± 1.08	P = 0.23; df = 59; F = 1.19
‘Disturbing and Aggressive Behavior’ subscale	0.88 ± 0.83	0.69 ± 0.55	P = 0.09; df = 59; F = 1.68
Verbal memory	30.83 ± 9.92	35.67 ± 12.55	P = 0.09; df = 59; F = 1.68
Working memory	15.17 ± 4.47	17.51 ± 5.31	P = 0.07; df = 59; F = 1.86
Verbal fluency	28.44 ± 10.52	33.28 ± 11.05	P = 0.08; df = 59; F = 1.75
Processing speed	27.01 ± 12.81	30.72 ± 15.34	P = 0.31; df = 59; F = 1.03
Problem solving	8.05 ± 4.95	11.11 ± 5.48	P = 0.02; df = 59; F = 2.29

Notes: Smoker and nonsmoker TRS patients have been assessed by PANSS for psychotic symptoms, PSP for social adjustment, and by specific cognitive tasks for performances in selected cognitive domains. Here are summarized total scores on PANSS and PSP, as well as scores on PANSS and PSP subscales. Performance scores on cognitive domains are also reported. Significant differences using the Student’s t-test have been given in bold.

Abbreviations: PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PSP, Personal and Social Performance; TRS, treatment-resistant schizophrenia; df, degrees of freedom.