Table 2.
Associations between sexual experiences and incident HIV among women at enrolment (or time of seroconversion)
| HIV-negative controls n/166 (%) | Incident HIV cases n/188 (%)a | Unadjusted OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted ORb (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recent coerced sex, all females | ||||
| No | 122 (84.1) | 133 (76.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 23 (15.9) | 41 (23.6) | 1.64 (0.93–2.88) | 0.93 (0.47–1.82) |
| If aged 14–19 at enrolment | ||||
| No | 9 (90.0) | 21 (70.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1 (10.0) | 9 (30.0) | 3.86 (0.42–35.1) | 3.22 (0.36–29.1) |
| If aged 20–24 at enrolment | ||||
| No | 27 (73.0) | 30 (75.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 10 (27.0) | 10 (25.0) | 0.9 (0.32–2.49) | 0.37 (0.11–1.30) |
| If aged 25–29 at enrolment | ||||
| No | 25 (92.6) | 17 (73.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2 (7.4) | 6 (26.1) | 4.41 (0.79–24.51) | 1.70 (0.22–12.90) |
| If aged 30–39 at enrolment | ||||
| No | 29 (82.9) | 32 (86.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 6 (17.1) | 5 (13.5) | 0.76 (0.21–2.74) | 0.40 (0.10–1.65) |
| If aged 40–49 at enrolment | ||||
| No | 16 (84.2) | 9 (64.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 3 (15.8) | 5 (35.7) | 2.96 (0.57–15.39) | 3.31 (0.46–23.68) |
| If aged 50–81 at enrolment | ||||
| No | 16 (94.1) | 8 (80.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1 (5.9) | 2 (20.0) | 4.00 (0.31–51.03) | 4.00 (0.18–87.32) |
| Other sexual experiences among young women (enrolled when 14–24 years old) | ||||
| Early sexual debut | ||||
| At 16+ years | 31 (60.8) | 40 (56.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Before 16 years | 20 (39.2) | 31 (43.7) | 1.20 (0.58–2.50) | 1.58 (0.65–3.82) |
| Lifetime sexual partners | ||||
| 1 | 19 (39.6) | 19 (27.1) | 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 16 (33.3) | 28 (40.0) | 1.75 (0.72–4.24) | 2.0 (0.70–5.81) |
| 3 or more | 13 (27.1) | 23 (32.9) | 1.77 (0.70–4.49) | 2.21 (0.72–6.77) |
aodds ratio calculated using conditional logistic regression, stratified on age and enrolment year
bThe 21 females who seroconverted during the RCC were classified as both HIV negative Controls (at enrolment) and incident HIV Cases (at the time of seroconversion). Their respective answers to the question on non-consensual sex were taken from their enrolment interview and the interview preceding seroconversion. (Sensitivity analyses showed that exclusion of the sero-converted cases did not change the results)