Table 4. Daily dietary nutrient intake of pregnant women of the NutriNet-Santé study, overall and according to dietary supplement use.
| All1 | Non-Users of | Users of | |||||
| supplements | supplements2 | ||||||
| (n = 666) | (n = 237) | (n = 429) | |||||
| mean | SD | mean | SD | mean | SD | P3 | |
| Energy (kcal) | 1999.1 | 459.3 | 1978.5 | 463.5 | 2010.4 | 457.0 | 0.4 |
| Alcohol (g) | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.6 |
| Total carbohydrates (g) | 222.1 | 58.0 | 218.5 | 59.7 | 224.2 | 57.0 | 0.2 |
| Simple carbohydrates (g) | 110.6 | 37.3 | 107.5 | 40.3 | 112.3 | 35.5 | 0.07 |
| Starches (g) | 110.9 | 34.3 | 110.3 | 34.3 | 111.2 | 34.4 | 0.6 |
| Fiber (g) | 19.6 | 6.6 | 18.8 | 6.3 | 20.0 | 6.8 | 0.09 |
| Proteins (g) | 79.6 | 19.2 | 79.1 | 18.3 | 80.0 | 19.7 | 0.8 |
| Total lipids (g) | 87.0 | 26.4 | 86.7 | 26.2 | 87.2 | 26.5 | 0.3 |
| Saturated fatty acids (g) | 37.7 | 12.9 | 38.0 | 12.9 | 37.6 | 12.9 | 0.07 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids (g) | 31.9 | 10.6 | 31.4 | 10.4 | 32.2 | 10.7 | 0.8 |
| All polyunsaturated fatty acids (g) | 11.3 | 4.6 | 11.2 | 5.0 | 11.3 | 4.3 | 0.8 |
| n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (g) | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (g) | 9.3 | 4.2 | 9.3 | 4.7 | 9.4 | 3.9 | 0.9 |
| Thiamin (mg) | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 0.01 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.8 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0.01 |
| Niacin (mg) | 17.9 | 6.4 | 17.4 | 5.9 | 18.3 | 6.6 | 0.2 |
| Pantothenic acid (mg) | 5.5 | 1.7 | 5.4 | 1.7 | 5.6 | 1.7 | 0.3 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.8 | 0.6 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.004 |
| Folate (µg) | 344.8 | 116.5 | 328.6 | 111.3 | 353.7 | 118.4 | 0.02 |
| Vitamin B12 (µg) | 4.7 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 8.6 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 0.2 |
| Retinol (µg) | 507.2 | 679.9 | 521.5 | 747.9 | 499.2 | 640.0 | 0.5 |
| Beta carotene (µg) | 3289.5 | 2562.0 | 2938.9 | 2006.5 | 3483.1 | 2805.9 | 0.02 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 131.6 | 95.7 | 124.0 | 63.1 | 135.8 | 109.4 | 0.2 |
| Vitamin D (µg) | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 1.5 | 0.03 |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 12.0 | 4.9 | 11.4 | 5.2 | 12.3 | 4.7 | 0.04 |
| Sodium (mg) | 2618.4 | 837.3 | 2584.6 | 760.7 | 2637.1 | 877.0 | 0.8 |
| Calcium (mg) | 1037.7 | 330.1 | 1008.9 | 327.0 | 1053.6 | 331.1 | 0.1 |
| Iron (mg) | 13.0 | 4.6 | 12.2 | 4.0 | 13.4 | 4.9 | 0.003 |
| Magnesium (mg) | 320.7 | 92.5 | 305.7 | 78.4 | 329.0 | 98.5 | 0.003 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 1298.9 | 321.8 | 1278.7 | 304.7 | 1310.0 | 330.7 | 0.52 |
| Potassium (mg) | 3012.2 | 764.1 | 2905.3 | 728.4 | 3071.3 | 777.7 | 0.02 |
| Zinc (mg) | 10.6 | 3.2 | 10.4 | 2.9 | 10.7 | 3.4 | 0.6 |
1
In pregnant women who provided at least one dietary record during their pregnancy.
2
DS users were defined as the subjects who used dietary supplement(s) at least 3 days a week at the time of completion of the dietary supplement questionnaire.
3
Unconditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, number of 24 h records and energy intake.