Mitochondria-targeted HO-1 expression protects against hypoxic injury and cell death. Stable cells were incubated in normoxia or 1% oxygen (hypoxia). A: Western blot analysis of HO-1 expression in Vector cells exposed to hypoxia for indicated times. B: cell viability was measured using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and expressed as viability under hypoxic conditions compared with normoxia controls. *P < 0.05. C: mitochondrial membrane potential was measured following incubation in normoxia or hypoxia using 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide and is expressed as the ratio of red to green fluorescence. *P < 0.05 vs. normoxia controls.