Appendix Table 3.
Association between the Two Dietary Patterns, AHEI Scores, and the Four Aging Outcomes (n = 5350)
| Dietary Pattern | Ideal Aging |
Nonfatal CVD |
Fatal CVD |
Non-CVD Death |
P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| “Healthy-foods” pattern | |||||||||
| Model 1 | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | |
| Tertile 2 | 1.23 | 0.87-1.74 | 0.97 | 0.79-1.20 | 0.63 | 0.42-0.95 | 0.67 | 0.52-0.87 | |
| Tertile 3 | 1.16 | 0.80-1.69 | 1.06 | 0.86-1.32 | 0.67 | 0.44-1.02 | 0.73 | 0.56-0.96 | |
| Effect per 1 SD | 1.07 | 0.93-1.24 | 1.03 | 0.95-1.13 | 0.85 | 0.70-1.03 | 0.83 | 0.73-0.94 | .008 |
| Model 2 | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | |
| Tertile 2 | 1.23 | 0.87-1.74 | 0.97 | 0.79-1.20 | 0.63 | 0.42-0.95 | 0.67 | 0.52-0.87 | |
| Tertile 3 | 1.08 | 0.74-1.58 | 1.15 | 0.92-1.43 | 0.78 | 0.51-1.21 | 0.86 | 0.66-1.14 | |
| Effect per 1 SD | 1.04 | 0.90-1.21 | 1.06 | 0.97-1.16 | 0.93 | 0.77-1.13 | 0.90 | 0.80-1.02 | .19 |
| “Western-type” pattern | |||||||||
| Model 1 | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | |
| Tertile 2 | 0.92 | 0.65-1.30 | 0.85 | 0.68-1.06 | 1.36 | 0.87-2.12 | 0.88 | 0.66-1.17 | |
| Tertile 3 | 0.54 | 0.34-0.85 | 1.08 | 0.82-1.41 | 1.68 | 0.96-2.95 | 1.23 | 0.88-1.74 | |
| Effect per 1 SD | 0.77 | .061-0.95 | 1.09 | 0.95-1.25 | 1.58 | 1.20-2.08 | 1.38 | 1.16-1.64 | <10-4 |
| Model 2 | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | |
| Tertile 2 | 0.94 | 0.66-1.33 | 0.83 | 0.67-1.04 | 1.25 | 0.80-1.95 | 0.81 | 0.61-1.08 | |
| Tertile 3 | 0.58 | 0.36-0.94 | 1.02 | 0.78-1.34 | 1.40 | 0.80-2.47 | 0.96 | 0.68-1.35 | |
| Effect per 1 SD | 0.83 | 0.66-1.05 | 1.03 | 0.89-1.18 | 1.35 | 1.02-1.78 | 1.16 | 0.97-1.38 | .05 |
| AHEI score | |||||||||
| Model 1 | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | |
| Tertile 2 | 1.52 | 1.07-2.16 | 0.85 | 0.69-1.04 | 0.48 | 0.32-0.72 | 0.67 | 0.52-0.86 | |
| Tertile 3 | 1.16 | 0.80-1.68 | 0.98 | 0.80-1.21 | 0.49 | 0.32-0.74 | 0.60 | 0.46-0.78 | |
| Effect per 1 SD | 1.09 | 0.95-1.27 | 0.97 | 0.89-1.06 | 0.70 | 0.59-0.83 | 0.75 | 0.67-0.83 | <10-4 |
| Model 2 | |||||||||
| Tertile 1 | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | 1 | reference | |
| Tertile 2 | 1.41 | 0.99-2.01 | 0.90 | 0.73-1.10 | 0.54 | 0.35-0.81 | 0.76 | 0.59-0.98 | |
| Tertile 3 | 1.04 | 0.71-1.52 | 1.07 | 0.87-1.32 | 0.59 | 0.38-0.90 | 0.74 | 0.56-0.96 | |
| Effect per 1 SD | 1.04 | 0.90-1.21 | 1.01 | 0.93-1.11 | 0.77 | 0.65-0.92 | 0.83 | 0.74-0.92 | .006 |
AHEI = Alternative Healthy Eating Index; CI = confidence interval; CVD = cardiovascular disease; OR = odds ratio.
Natural Aging was the “noncase” category for all aging phenotype outcomes presented.
P for heterogeneity.
Multinomial logistic regression to analyze associations between dietary patterns, AHEI score, and the 5-category aging outcome: 1) ideal health, 2) nonfatal cardiovascular disease at follow-up, 3) cardiovascular death, 4) noncardiovascular death, and 5) natural (or normal) aging (the noncase category for each of the other categories).
Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex and total energy intake.
Model 2: As Model 1 + additionally adjusted for other heath behavior: smoking habits and physical activity.