Table 6.

Varenicline-Induced Activation of the Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex in the Brain at Rest Correlate With Its Reductions in Neural Responses to Smoking Cues^a

Effect on Region	Both Groups at Time 1				Varenicline Group at Time 2				Placebo Group at Time 2
	x	y	z	t	x	y	z	t	x	y	z	t
Increases
Anterior cingulate									2	38	4	4.46
Thalamus									−22	−6	−6	3.80
	−12	−4	0	4.31
	8	−16	−6	3.03
Parahippocampus	16	−56	−2	3.10					30	−44	−6	3.63
	−34	−64	−8	4.53
Hippocampus									24	−14	−12	3.44
Precuneus	0	−58	16	3.92
Decreases
VS and mOFC					−6	20	−10	−3.31
Postcentral gyrus					4	−30	62	−4.64
Superior frontal cortex					2	24	40	−4.21
Ventral lateral PFC									−38	44	−4	−3.23
									40	42	−10	−3.35
Amygdala					20	6	−20	−3.26
Lingual gyrus					8	−88	−16	−5.59

Abbreviations: mOFC, medial orbitofrontal cortex; PFC, prefrontal cortex; VS, ventral striatum.

^aListed are the coordinates x, y, z from the suprathreshold voxel within a cluster and t values from regions wherein resting-baseline activation in lateral OFC correlated with activity in the brain during exposure to smoking cues. Note that in the varenicline group only, enhanced activation in the lateral OFC correlated with reductions in activity in the VS and mOFC. Individual “subject” values selected for measuring lateral OFC effects were acquired by calculating a mean value from a sphere with a 6-mm radius, its center located at the resting-baseline group data suprathreshold voxel (coordinates x, y, z, respectively: 22, 26, −14). The t values listed are from the suprathreshold voxel within the cluster. Activations are significant at P < .001 (uncorrected at the cluster level). Left-sided brain responses are indicated by negative x-coordinate values.