TABLE 3.

Total PPs, PA, and iron in millet pastes and composite millet meals consumed by Beninese women¹

Pearl millet meal	PP	PA	Iron2	PA:iron3
		mg/serving
Regular-iron millet paste	72 ± 2	392 ± 10	1.5 ± 0.2
Composite millet meal4
+ Leafy vegetable sauce	231 ± 27	394 ± 10	4.1 ± 0.5	8.1:1
+ Okra sauce	146 ± 7	400 ± 10	2.9 ± 0.3	11.7:1
Iron-biofortified millet paste	65 ± 1	511 ± 21	5.5 ± 0.6
Composite millet meal4
+ Leafy vegetable sauce	224 ± 27	513 ± 21	8.1 ± 0.8	5.4:1
+ Okra sauce	139 ± 7	519 ± 21	6.9 ± 0.6	6.4:1
Post-harvest iron-fortified millet paste	72 ± 2	392 ± 10	1.5 ± 0.25
Composite millet meal4
+ Leafy vegetable sauce	231 ± 27	394 ± 10	7.8 ± 0.5	4.3:1
+ Okra sauce	146 ± 7	400 ± 10	6.6 ± 0.3	5.1:1

¹Values are means ± SDs, n = 3. PA, phytic acid; PA:iron, phytic acid:iron molar ratio; PP, polyphenol.

²Iron values of the millet pastes include only native iron. Iron values of the composite millet meals include native iron and 0.4 mg iron as ⁵⁴Fe, ⁵⁷Fe, or ⁵⁸Fe. Post-harvest iron-fortified composite millet meals contained 3.7 mg iron added as ⁵⁶FeSO₄.

³Values are molar ratios of the composite millet meals.

⁴Values are means ± SDs based on the means from the analysis of single components (pastes, n = 3; sauces, n = 15). SDs were adapted by calculating the square root of the sum from the square of the SDs from the single analysis of pastes and sauces. Iron, PA, and PP concentrations of the sauces alone are in text.

⁵Value does not include 3.7 mg fortification iron, which was added later on to the composite millet meal.