Table 2.
Relative risks of incident type 2 diabetes according to psoriasis among US women and men
| Study | Diabetes cases | Person-years | Age-adjusted RR (95% CI) | Multivariate RR 1 (95% CI) | Multivariate RR 2 (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHS | 4,280 | 735,664 | |||
| No psoriasis | 4,171 | 720,650 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Psoriasis | 109 | 15,014 | 1.23 (1.02–1.49) | 1.14 (0.95–1.38) | 1.01 (0.83–1.22) |
| NHS II | 3,968 | 1,496,867 | |||
| No psoriasis | 3,835 | 1,470,709 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Psoriasis | 133 | 26,159 | 1.76 (1.48–2.09) | 1.50 (1.26–1.78) | 1.25 (1.05–1.49) |
| HPFS | 1,690 | 468,427 | |||
| No psoriasis | 1,638 | 455,263 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Psoriasis | 52 | 13,163 | 1.05 (0.80–1.38) | 0.94 (0.71–1.25) | 0.91 (0.69–1.20) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk.
Simultaneously adjusted for age, smoking (never, past, current with 1–14, 15–24 or ≥25 cigarettes/day), alcohol intake (no, <4.9, 5.0–14.9 or ≥15.0 g/d), physical activity (<3.0, 3.0–8.9, 9.0–17.9, 18.0–26.9 or ≥27.0 metabolic equivalent hours/wk), race (Caucasian, Asian, Hispanic or African American), family history of diabetes (yes or no), hypertension (yes or no), hypercholesterolemia (yes or no), current aspirin use (yes or no), multi-vitamin use (yes or no), postmenopausal hormone use (for women only, premenopause, never, current or past users).
Simultaneously adjusted for all the variables upper-listed, and body mass index (<21.0, 21.0–22.9, 23.0–24.9, 25.0–26.9, 27.0–29.9, 30.0–32.9, 33.0–34.9, 35.0–39.9 or ≥40.0 kg/m2).