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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 14.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroscientist. 2011 Apr 5;17(5):524–538. doi: 10.1177/1073858410392239

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Mirror neurons encoding the spatial position of an observed action. The three rows show the discharges of two neurons (neuron 1 and neuron 2) during the execution of goal-directed hand movements (top row) and during the observation of actions executed in the extra- (middle row) and peri-personal (bottom row) space of the monkey, respectively. The yellow circle represents the spatial extent of the peri-personal space of the monkey. Both neuron 1 and neuron 2 responded during the execution of goal-directed movements (top row). However, they exhibited opposite behaviors during the observation of actions performed by the experimenter in front of the monkeys. Neuron 1 discharged more strongly during the observation of an action executed in the extra-personal space of the monkey. On the contrary, neuron 2 exhibited a significantly stronger discharge when the observed action was executed in the peri-personal space of the monkey.